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16 March 2022, Volume 56 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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How the Communist Party of China Seizes the Historical Initiative: From the Perspective of Three Historical Resolutions#br# #br# Wang Junwei 2022, 56 (3):  5-15.  Abstract ( )   PDF (7058KB) ( )   One of the most important conditions for the great success of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in its centurylong struggle is that the Party, by reviewing historical experience, has fully appreciated the laws and prevailing trends of history, seized the historical initiative in the cause of the Party and the country. The CPC's three resolutions on historical issues over the past century, a vivid portrayal of the Party's appreciation of the general trend of historical laws and historical initiatives, represent the Party's deep understanding of the development laws in the cause of China's revolution, construction, reform and development in the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Grasping the law of development by reviewing historical experience is the action guide of the Party. Following the historical trend and seizing historical opportunities are important conditions for the Party to take the initiatives. The great changes unseen in a century also contain great opportunities and great challenges. Whether we can uphold the core position of the Party as a whole and uphold the Central Committee's authority and its centralized, unified leadership is the foundation and key to seizing the historical initiatives. The resolution that the Party has firmly upheld Comrade Xi Jinping's core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole and defined the guiding role of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is one of the most important political achievements since the 18th National Congress of the CPC. To recognize the decisive significance and respect the historical choice, Party members are required to shoulder the historical responsibility. Related Articles | Metrics

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Struggling: The Secret of China's Accomplishments under the Leadership of the Communist Party of China Ma Jianqing, Zhong Weijin 2022, 56 (3):  16-24.  Abstract ( )   PDF (6844KB) ( )   The sixth plenary session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), taking “struggle” as the key word, comprehensively summarizes the historical experience and major achievements through tenacious struggle under the leadership of the CPC. Looking back on the CPCs endeavors over the past century, important experience is gained. Fighting for the interests of the people is the cornerstone of the great achievements made under the Party leadership; tenacious struggles waged by the CPC provide powerful support that leads the people to achieve great achievements. Marching with vigorous strides into the future, the Party and the people need to continue to carry forward the great spirit of struggle. It is an inevitable requirement for the realization of our great dream in the new journey to continue to struggle with firm beliefs, strong capabilities, and the great unity of the Chinese people. Related Articles | Metrics

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“Two Upholds”: The Theoretical Origin, Historical Foundation and Practical Basis Du Jiacheng 2022, 56 (3):  25-32.  Abstract ( )   PDF (5549KB) ( )   Ensuring “Two Upholds” is an important political achievement and valuable experience obtained by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) with the Comrade Xi Jinping as its core in the process of exercising full and rigorous selfgovernance since 18th National Congress of the CPC. The “Two Upholds” build on the logical foundation inspired by its profound theoretical origin, solid historical foundation and firm practical basis. In theory, the “Two Upholds” are the combination of Marxist political party theory and traditional Chinese political theory. Historically speaking, they are the generalization of the experience of the CPC's Party building over the past century. In practice, they are key to uphold Party leadership and strengthen Party building in the new era. Related Articles | Metrics

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A Theoretical Analysis of the Source and Determination of Value in the Digital Economy Yan Jinqiang 2022, 56 (3):  33-42.  Abstract ( )   PDF (7287KB) ( )   The new or digital economy characterized by informatization, networking, and intelligence is not only changing social productivity, but also reshaping the relationship between social production and commodity value. The analysis of the source and determination of value in the digital economy needs to be carried out within the framework of Marxs labor theory of value. Recognizing key features of the digital economy, this paper divides the labor value into the value of the physical labor and that of the digital labor, and makes a theoretical analysis on this basis. The paper argues that since products enabled by digital technologies have virtualization features such as laborfree, carrierfree and high spillovers embodied, the components of the product value include both the physical labor value and the digital labor value. Among them, the value of digital labor is mainly transferred from the revenue of other sectors and laborers through value transfer, and its size is positively related to the scale of the digital economy. The high spillovers embodied in the product value is reflected in the economies of scale, closely relating to the virtuality of the digital economy. Related Articles | Metrics

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Changes in Labor Modes in the Digital Economy and the Influencing Factors#br# #br# Li Yun 2022, 56 (3):  43-53.  Abstract ( )   PDF (7392KB) ( )   The digital economy is a new economic form, which significantly differs from traditional economic forms in that its labor modes are no longer based on physical conditions but build on the conditions of digital production. There are three main types of labor modes in the digital economy: one is the pure digital labor, the other is the integrated physical and digital labor, and the third is the intelligent labor. The basic characteristics include virtuality, fusion of technologies, crosstime and crossborder flows, opensource sharing, intelligence and so forth. The digital labor modes mainly stem from the digitization of the production factors, namely labor and production materials. That is, programs and the Internet, as virtual machines and workshops, become means of labor, while the data, as the key production factor, become the object of labor and the digital labor is the main form of labor. To this end, the combination of the digital labor and means of production has also undergone great changes, forming a new relationship between labor and capital. It features the digitization of carriers, the virtualization of subjects, and the socialization of conflicts cross time and space. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Virtualization Features of Economic Relations and Its Theoretical Logic under the Conditions of Digital Technology Adoption Wang Lin 2022, 56 (3):  54-65.  Abstract ( )   PDF (8551KB) ( )   This paper argues that the innovation and application of digital technologies, such as the Internet, artificial intelligence, and big data, have profoundly changed the patterns of economic relations, featuring virtualization distinctly. That is, the relations of production are characterized by the subordination in humanmachine relations, the concealment of the conflict between labor and capital and the decentralization in labor relations; the exchange relations present the characteristics of dematerialization of numeric code and spillover of exchange value; the resource allocation features the socialization of conflicts in allocation and the refiguration of the distribution network; the consumption pattern move towards a model that produces a bubble in consumption demand and changes in the process. These features of virtualization are special connotations of economic relations compared with the past under the condition of digital technology adoption. According to the theory of Marxian economics, the virtualization of economic relations has not changed the theoretical essence of the interpersonal interest relations, rather, it is the inevitable result of the new interest relations brought by the pursuit of surplus value by the owner of capital, the promotion of the realization of commodity value and the redistribution of surplus value. On this basis, the virtualization of economic relations still follows the evolving principle of economic relations, that is, the level of digital productivity determines the degree and form of virtualization of economic relations, and the nature of social ownership determines properties and changing trends of virtual economic relations. Related Articles | Metrics

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Dialectics and Revolution: From Hegel, Marx, Lenin to Mao Zedong#br# #br# Zhu Xuewei 2022, 56 (3):  66-75.  Abstract ( )   PDF (7253KB) ( )   The previous research on dialectics and revolution has mostly focused on the revolutionary nature of dialectics and revolutionary dialectics, both of which simply look into the characteristics of dialectics, without delving into its very essence. Fundamentally, the relationship between dialectics and revolution is that dialectics is not a purely theoretical matter but is directly related to the changes in the current lifeworld. Dialectics, in classical philosophy, is directly related to the current social reality, in which dialectics is rooted and developed. Exploring from Hegel's dialectics and the revolution in philosophy, Marx's dialectics and the proletarian revolution, Lenins dialectics and the October Revolution, Mao Zedong's dialectics and the Chinese socialist revolution, we can clearly see that the revolutionary nature of dialectics lies in that dialectics is directly related to revolution, and revolutions can only be carried out with the guidance of dialectics. Related Articles | Metrics

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Contemporary Chinese Diplomatic Values: The Connotation, Function and Construction Liu Pu 2022, 56 (3):  76-87.  Abstract ( )   PDF (8968KB) ( )   An important reason for the great diplomatic achievements since the founding of the People's Republic of China in the past 70 years lies in the guidance of scientific, advanced and correct diplomatic values. Peace, independence, justice, responsibility, and peopleorientedness are connotations of contemporary Chinese diplomatic values. Setting up a reasonable diplomatic vision while ensuring correct diplomatic decisionmaking, scientific diplomatic strategy, strong diplomatic implementation power, and extensive diplomatic support are the main functions of China's diplomatic values. In the process of building Chinas diplomatic values, the Communist Party of China has played a decisive role, which is mainly reflected in the provision of the guiding ideology, social system, cultural advancement and leadership. Related Articles | Metrics

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Responsiveness in Representative Politics: China in the Comparative Perspective Yan Xingjian 2022, 56 (3):  88-98.  Abstract ( )   PDF (7779KB) ( )   Responsiveness is vital to representative politics. A general understanding highlights the reelection mechanism in generating the responsiveness in the Western world and its absence in China. The mechanism in the Chinese model emphasizes establishing a “situational sharing” relationship between representatives and voters that encourages a longterm contact between voters and representatives through a series of institutional designs, so as to build an integrated structure based on “situational sharing” and stimulate the responsiveness of representatives.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Historical Specificity and A New Perspective on the Critical Theory of Capital: Taking Moishe Postone as An Example#br# #br# Qian Mengdan, Tang Zhengdong 2022, 56 (3):  99-106.  Abstract ( )   PDF (6113KB) ( )   Moishe Postone opposes abstract universalism of modernism on the one hand, and postmodernism that excessively pursue concrete particularity on the other. He devotes himself to breaking the dualism of abstract universalism and concrete particularity, understanding them in a specific social and historical context, highlighting historical specificity based on immanent critique, and constructing a critical theory with selfreflexivity. Postone analyzes modern antiSemitism through the methodology of historical specificity. He treats antiSemitism as “fetishized anticapitalism”. The historically specific methodological perspective and the critical theory adhere to the sociohistorical method and immanent critique of Marxism to some extent, but do not yet reach the level of “concrete totality” that Marx presents, through which it is still difficult to conceal the inherent contradictions of capitalism. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Appearance of Experience: Walter Benjamin's Initial Acceptance of Historical Materialism Li Jiawei 2022, 56 (3):  107-112.  Abstract ( )   PDF (7195KB) ( )   Walter Benjamin, one of the major thinkers of Western Marxism, made an important contribution to historical materialism, maintaining its theoretical vitality. However, for a long time, due to the way of his theological interpretation and the theological elements in his thinking, his identity as a Marxist is obscure. This article provides an explanation of the issue from investigating the important turning point in Benjamins writings. During the period of Benjamin's intellectual journey from the beginning of his contact with historical materialism to his reinterpretation of it, his work is characterized by its intense focus on the concept of experience. His discussion about the concept of experience are the key evidence of its earliest intersection with historical materialism. Through analyzing the two early collections of his writings on experience, this paper identifies the initial occurrence of Benjamins connection with historical materialism and the perception model incubated in his theological linguistic view. This paper also finds the source of Benjamin's conception and explanation of historical materialism, thereby further reflecting upon his intellectual legacy, understanding the relationship between Benjamin and Marxism, and reconsidering his position in the theoretical spectrum of Western Marxism. Related Articles | Metrics