Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC), General Secretary Xi Jinping has made systematic propositions on expectation management, realizing a major innovation in the concepts and methods of macroeconomic governance. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC focuses on building a highlevel socialist market economic system and has made important arrangements to further improve Chinas macroeconomic governance system and optimize the expectation management mechanism, which fully demonstrates the importance of expectation management in macroeconomic governance. Expectation management under the socialist market economy is both a transcendence of that under the capitalist market economy and a sublation of the practical experience of expectation management under the traditional socialist system. This paper sorts out General Secretary Xi Jinpings important propositions on expectation management, expounds the rich connotation of expectation management and its important position in macroeconomic governance, and analyzes the inherent requirements of strengthening expectation management and improving the efficiency of macroeconomic governance in the new development stage, namely, we must adhere to the market economy orientation, take the national medium and long。term strategic plans as the guide, and further enhance the synergy of macro policies.

Capitalism initiates the process of human modernization, yet its modernity crisis has gradually emerged in the course of civilizational evolution. Based on a critique of capitalist modern civilization, Marxism proposes the construction of a communist society as a vision to transcend capitaldominated modernity. Marxism and the fine traditional Chinese culture share a high degree of compatibility, and their integration has activated the vitality of Chinese civilization towards modernization, fostering the modern wisdom of Chinese civilization. This modern wisdom transcends the logic of capital with a humanistic spirit, eliminates the predicament of alienation by balancing justice and interests, criticizes the strict theory of nationstates with the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind, and resolves the ecological predicament through the harmonious coexistence of human and nature, thus realizing a comprehensive sublation of Western modernity. The modern wisdom of Chinese civilization has been continuously verified and developed in the great practice of the Chinese path to modernization. By adhering to the scientific guidance of Marxism, the Chinese path to modernization ensures the scientificity of modernity construction; by upholding the unity of the Partys leadership and the peoples subjectivity, it ensures that the construction of modernity always advances in the historically correct direction; by forging a new form of human civilization, it fully demonstrates the modern wisdom of Chinese civilization, transcends Western modernization, and points out the correct direction and bright future for the evolution of human civilization.

The establishment and high-quality development of  the subject on history and construction of the CPC are the outcome of the whole Party and society reaching an unprecedented historical understanding of the necessity and importance of the work on the Party's history and building for “learning from history to inform the present and nurturing people for governance” in the new era. They are also the result of comprehensively strengthening the development of Marxist disciplines that take the “guiding ideology” and “leading force” as their research objects under the national strategy of accelerating the construction of the “Three Systems” (discipline, academic, and discourse systems) and an independent knowledge system for philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics. Moreover, they serve as the disciplinary and academic support for strengthening and improving the construction of ideological and political courses in colleges and universities, as well as the education and teaching of relevant ideological and political courses that take “integrating history with theory” as the basic form and “Party history education” as the core content. They are important measures and concrete embodiment of philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics that consciously respond to the “questions of China, the world, the people and the times”. The establishment and highquality development of the firstlevel subject on history and construction of the CPC , which features distinct subjectivity, originality and identity, are not merely a response to the practical needs and goaldriven dynamic optimization and adjustment of disciplines under the new situation. Rather, they represent an innovative inheritance of traditions and a systematic integration, grounded in strict adherence to the laws of disciplinary development and drawing on a profound historical heritage. They are important measures and concrete embodiment of philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics, independently answering the “questions of disciplines, academia and scholars”. 

The new system for mobilizing resources nationwide is an important institutional support for high-level selfreliance and strength in science and technology. Previous studies on this new system have usually focused on the connotation of “new” while tacitly assuming that “nationwide” refers to state actors such as the central government, stateowned enterprises, or national research institutes. However, the rise of enterprises such as DeepSeek and Unitree Robotics has prompted a reevaluation of the unique functions of subnational actors, including local governments and private enterprises. It is now recognized that the term “nationwide” in the new system involves not only stateowned enterprises or statelevel institutions, but rather the entire national innovation system that includes governments at different levels and enterprises of various ownership types. In the practice of the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide, local governments can be positioned as the specific executors of national strategies, stable suppliers of patient capital, local optimizers of the business environment, and public purchasers of innovative products, while private enterprises can be positioned as synthesizers of directions for scientific and technological breakthroughs, explorers of diversified technological pathways, leaders in the development of application scenarios, and supporters of the internalization of innovation chains. To improve the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide, it is necessary to fully mobilize the initiative of local governments and private enterprises. This necessitates maintaining a balance between longterm strategies and shortterm performance, between central directives and local autonomy, between strengthening and expanding stateowned enterprises and promoting the development of private enterprises, and between encouraging technological innovation and preventing monopoly in the market.

Marx's theory is a comprehensive worldview” is Lenin's concise summary of Marxism. Lenin's exposition on Marx's “comprehensive worldview” is an important part of the philosophical section of Leninism. Prior to the October Revolution, to unify the party's thinking and integrate revolutionary forces, Lenin articulated the requirement of this worldview for the proletarian party, thereby highlighting his scientific approach to Marxism. The holistic study of Marxism is the core proposition of the “comprehensive worldview”, serving the needs of the specific historical context and revolutionary tasks. Specifically, the integrity of Marxism as a worldview is reflected in the following aspects: Marxist philosophy is the unity of dialectical materialism and historical materialism; Marxist philosophy, political economy and scientific socialism form an organic whole; Marxist dialectics, logic and epistemology are integrated; and Marxism continuously develops through the interaction between theory and practice. The “comprehensive worldview” has not only effectively refuted erroneous ideological trends and guided revolutionary practice, highlighting the revolutionary and scientific nature of Marxism, but also provided scientific theoretical support for the theory of “three sources” and solidified the foundation for constructing its own theoretical system.

Scholars still hold great divergences in understanding Marx's idea of “abolishing philosophy”, making it extremely necessary to reexamine this idea. In fact, if we investigate Marx's idea of “abolishing philosophy” in connection with his exploration of the “philosophy-reality” relationship and his “philosophical revolution”, we can find the following: uncovering the “philosophy-reality” relationship is the logical mainline in the formation of Marx's idea of “abolishing philosophy”, and his intellectual development path of “cognizing, tending towards, and engaging in” reality is highly consistent with that of “relying on, doubting, and abolishing” philosophy. Rejecting the “old philosophy” that merely “explains the world” and constructing a “new philosophy” that aims to “change the world” is the specific implication of Marxs idea of “abolishing philosophy”. Based on his exploration of the “philosophyreality” relationship, Marx carried out a “critique of philosophy” and a “critique of capital”, accomplished the “philosophical revolution”, broke the illusion of speculative philosophy, dismantled the logic of capital, and ultimately achieved the internal unity of his ideas of “abolishing philosophy” and “abolishing the logic of capital”.

Imperialism has continuously reshaped its practices since its inception. Under the influence of factors such as technological upgrade, the evolution of the international system, and cognitive renewal, contemporary imperialism has gradually completed its transformation from colonial plunder in physical space to penetration and exploitation in virtual space. From a hierarchical perspective, in the political domain, imperialism has shifted its focus downward horizontally, moving from largescale military intervention to institutional intervention and covert militarism. In the economic domain, it has extended monopoly vertically, with emerging oligarchs creating and exploiting new surplus value at a more abstract level, and upgrading the resources they export from commodities and capital to technology. In the cultural domain, it has blurred boundaries, diluting the discourse of absolute racial segregation to create a neoliberal illusion for the Global South. As an emerging force in world politics, the relationship between the Global South and imperialism has generally undergone three stages of transition: contending with nationalist strategies against the global colonial system, achieving limited integration into the global economic system through tariff sovereignty, and struggling with technological dependence within the global digital system. As the world enters a new period of turbulence and transformation, grasping the new forms of imperialist practices and the response strategies of representative countries in the Global South is conducive to empowering the construction of area and country studies with Marxism and providing a reference for the modernization of the Global South, including China.

The exploration of modernization paths by most Latin American countries can be characterized by an early start, collective emergence, a history full of twists and turns, a heavy colonial legacy, and heavy reliance on external conditions. Despite certain achievements, it can hardly be regarded as a success overall, leaving profound experiences and lessons. This paper provides an analysis from the perspective of political and cultural factors. The fundamental reasons lie in the inadequacy of ideological and theoretical construction, defects in the political system leading to insufficient policy implementation capacity, a lack of cultural confidence resulting in confusion in their exploration of modernization, the effect of pervasive egoism hindering modernization efforts, and the severe erosion caused by social problems such as corruption. The experiences and lessons of modernization paths in Latin America fully demonstrate that the cultivation and maintenance of strong political power are crucial, a broad national consensus is an important ideological foundation for smoothly advancing modernization, and the exploration of modernization should follow a path of localization and adaptation to the times. Chinas successful exploration of its modernization path has set an example for many developing countries, contributing Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions to human development and progress.

Symbols, as the external form and material carrier of information, serve as basic units of meaning construction and narrative practice. They play a crucial role in value transmission and discourse expression in the narrative process of mainstream ideology. With the advent of the digital age, digital and intelligent technologies have profoundly reshaped the narrative ecosystem of mainstream ideology. The digital turn of symbolic narrative and the digitalization of mainstream ideology have unfolded in tandem, giving rise to a digital form of symbolic narrative for mainstream ideology that presents many new features. Specifically, these include: the datadriven logic of symbolic production, the hypertextual and multimodal nature of meaning organization,the resonant structure of layered dissemination, the interactive and entertainmentoriented behavior in symbolic consumption, and the contested yet collaborative landscape of symbolic power. While the digital transformation of symbolic narrative has improved the communication efficiency of mainstream ideology, it also faces multiple practical challenges, such as production alienation, fragmented dissemination, consumption barriers, and governance delays. Therefore, it is essential to systematically optimize the entire process of symbolic narrative of mainstream ideology: refining the composition of elements in symbolic coding in production; leveraging algorithmic logic and constructing multimodal matrices in dissemination; enhancing subjects ability to decode symbols in consumption; and improving the governance mechanism of the symbolic ecosystem. In this regard, we can comprehensively improve the narrative efficacy of mainstream values and further strengthen the communicative power, guidance, influence and credibility of mainstream ideology in the digital age.