Abstract: Walter Benjamin, one of the major thinkers of Western Marxism, made an important contribution to historical materialism, maintaining its theoretical vitality. However, for a long time, due to the way of his theological interpretation and the theological elements in his thinking, his identity as a Marxist is obscure. This article provides an explanation of the issue from investigating the important turning point in Benjamins writings. During the period of Benjamin's intellectual journey from the beginning of his contact with historical materialism to his reinterpretation of it, his work is characterized by its intense focus on the concept of experience. His discussion about the concept of experience are the key evidence of its earliest intersection with historical materialism. Through analyzing the two early collections of his writings on experience, this paper identifies the initial occurrence of Benjamins connection with historical materialism and the perception model incubated in his theological linguistic view. This paper also finds the source of Benjamin's conception and explanation of historical materialism, thereby further reflecting upon his intellectual legacy, understanding the relationship between Benjamin and Marxism, and reconsidering his position in the theoretical spectrum of Western Marxism.

Key words: Marxism, historical materialism, Walter Benjamin, experience, youth

摘要： 本雅明作为西方马克思主义重要的思想家之一对历史唯物主义的阐释做出了重要贡献，丰富了历史唯物主义的理论活力。但是长期以来，由于他的神学阐释方式和思想中的神学因素，使其马克思主义者的身份形象晦暗不明，本文尝试着眼于本雅明的思想转型的关键节点对这一问题给予回答。从本雅明接触历史唯物主义开始到对其做出新的阐释中间经历了一段理论成长期，经验概念在这段时期扮演了极为重要的角色，而他在早期围绕经验概念所做的相关论述更是其与历史唯物主义最早产生思想交集的关键证据。通过早期关于经验问题的两个文本群可以分析出本雅明与历史唯物主义发生关联的思想契机和神学语言观中潜存的历史唯物主义感知模式，找到本雅明理解和阐释历史唯物主义的观念来源，从而进一步澄明本雅明的思想形象，理解本雅明与马克思主义之间的关系，重新定义本雅明在西方马克思主义理论谱系中的地位。

关键词: 马克思主义, 历史唯物主义, 本雅明, 经验, 青年