Abstract: With the continued deepening of economic globalization, nations worldwide have been incorporated into the logic of capital to varying degrees, resulting in the weakening of national sovereignty and obstacles to modernization. Developed capitalist countries adhering to neoliberal doctrines follow a developmental logic that prioritizes individual supremacy, grounds itself in market fundamentalism, and seeks to transcend national sovereignty. By fostering uneven geographical development across the globe to drive economic growth, they exemplify a neocolonial hegemonic approach. On the other hand, the socialist China has consistently emphasized the boundaries of national sovereignty and state subjectivity, and formulated the principles of its foreign relations. At the governmental level, we have put the people first, strived to build a proactive government and efficient market, pursued balanced and comprehensive development goals, and forged a path of peaceful development. As evidenced by Chinas experience of struggle over the past century, the independence of national sovereignty under the leadership of the Communist Party of China constitutes a fundamental prerequisite and safeguard for initiating and independently pursuing the Chinese path to modernization. 

Key words: the Chinese path to modernization, independence of national sovereignty, politicaleconomic analysis

摘要： 随着经济全球化的持续深入发展，世界各国在不同程度上被纳入资本逻辑，国家主体性被弱化，国家现代化道路受阻。以新自由主义为教义的发达资本主义国家，其发展逻辑坚持个人至上的价值原则，以市场原教旨主义为内在根据，试图超越国家主权，并通过制造世界范围内不均衡的地理发展，实现经济增长目的，是典型的新殖民主义霸权之路。而社会主义中国始终强调国家主权界限与国家主体性，并以此规定国家对外交往原则，在政府层面坚持人民至上，着力打造有为政府和有效市场，追求均衡充分的发展目标，走出了一条和平发展的道路。由中国百年来的斗争经验可知，中国共产党领导下的国家主权的独立，是开启并自主探索中国式现代化的必要条件和保障。

关键词: 中国式现代化, 国家主权独立, 政治经济学分析