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16 May 2025, Volume 59 Issue 5 Previous Issue   

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The Threefold Logic of Advancing the Chinese Path to Modernization through the Prosperity and Development of Chinese Culture Tian Keqin, Zhao Yecheng 2025, 59 (5):  20-30.  Abstract ( 97 )   PDF (8781KB) ( 21 )   A thriving culture leads to a thriving country, and a strong culture leads to a strong country. The prosperity and development of Chinese culture is an inevitable requirement for opening a new frontier in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, it is an important condition for promoting the Chinese path to modernization and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and it is an indispensable and important part of Chinas socialist modernization. The Communist Party of China, not only a leader and practitioner of advanced culture, but also a promoter and inheritor of Chinese culture, has always attached great importance to leading the way forward with culture. On the new journey, to achieve the prosperity and development of Chinese culture, we must deeply study and implement Xi Jinping Thought on Culture, unswervingly follow the path of socialist cultural development with Chinese characteristics, strive to stimulate the vitality of cultural innovation and creation of the whole nation, always adhere to the principle that cultural construction focuses on people and is based on people, carry forward the cultural heritage of the Chinese nation through creative transformation and innovative development, continuously enhance the soft power and influence of Chinese culture, and gather strong spiritual power to promote the great cause of building a strong country and national rejuvenation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Philosophical Reflections on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reform Wu Jiahua, Wang Qian 2025, 59 (5):  31-42.  Abstract ( 92 )   PDF (8971KB) ( 32 )   Further comprehensively deepening reform with a focus on the Chinese path to modernization is a strategic plan outlined at the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. Further comprehensively deepening reform is a complex systematic project related to the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation, which requires indepth interpretation from the perspective of philosophical worldview and methodology. Applying the basic principles of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, we should conduct philosophical reflections from the perspective of the combination of ontology, epistemology, axiology and methodology on major issues such as what is further comprehensively deepening reform, why we should further comprehensively deepen reform, how to view the development of the understanding of further comprehensively deepening reform, and how to further comprehensively deepen reform, in order to deeply understand the internal basis, innovative logic, value connotation and methodological characteristics of further comprehensively deepening reform. This will help us fully and accurately understand Xi Jinpings new thoughts, viewpoints, and assessments on comprehensively deepening reform, better grasp the essence and laws of reform in the new era and new journey, and enhance the initiative and creativity of reform. Related Articles | Metrics

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Exploring the Intrinsic Connection between Marx's Conceptions of “Community” and “Collective Power” Wang Xiaohong 2025, 59 (5):  43-53.  Abstract ( 123 )   PDF (9506KB) ( 44 )   In works such as The German Ideology and Capital, Marx extensively examines the dialectical relationship between community and collective power, asserting that collective power, a productive force of social labor arising from the organic integration of individuals, can only emerge within a community. With the formation and evolution of communities, collective power has undergone a developmental trajectory: from narrow to universal, from limited to full, from spontaneous to conscious and then voluntary, and from underdeveloped productive forces of social labor to advanced capitaldriven productive forces, ultimately reaching highly developed productive forces of social labor. In the new era, we must forge a strong sense of community among the Chinese nation to pool strengths and enhance collective power, thereby advancing the construction of the Chinese national community; at the same time, we must cultivate collective power of broader scope and higher quality on the international stage to promote the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind. Related Articles | Metrics

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Core Essentials, Theoretical Foundations and Original Contributions of General Secretary Xi Jinping's Important Thoughts on Party Building Zhu Lingjun 2025, 59 (5):  54-63.  Abstract ( 135 )   PDF (8301KB) ( 57 )   General Secretary Xi Jinpings important thoughts on Party building have profoundly addressed the major contemporary issues of what kind of Marxist party capable of longterm governance should we build and how to build it, highlighted the theme of exercising full and rigorous governance of the Party, put forward a series of new concepts, new ideas and new strategies for managing and strengthening the Party, firmly grasped the mission and task of leading the great social revolution with the great selfreform, and formed the core essentials that emphasize a problemoriented approach, thematic focus, strategic considerations, as well as missions and mandates. These important thoughts are reflected in the “13 principles of upholding”, which embody the theoretical foundations of “theories on the Party”, “theories on governancecapacity building”, “theories on longterm governancecapacity building”, and “theories on Party leadership”, thereby forging an integrated framework that integrates “comprehensive Party building” with “targeted Party building”. These important thoughts have achieved a new leap in addressing the contemporary issues of Party building, reflected new changes in the theme of Party building, made new adjustments in the layout of Party building, and formed a new paradigm in the basic theory of Party building, making original contributions to enriching and developing the Marxist partybuilding theory and exploring the laws of the longterm governance of the Communist Party of China.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Tracing the Institutional Origins of the Party's Leadership over Higher Education Institutions: A Historical Examination of the Party Committee System in Chinese Higher Education Institutions Geng Huamin, Wu Jiao 2025, 59 (5):  65-78.  Abstract ( 108 )   PDF (9730KB) ( 31 )   Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in governing the country, establishing the system of “the Partys leadership over higher education institutions” and exercising the Partys leadership over higher education institutions are important issues facing the higher education in China. In the early years of the Peoples Republic of China, higher education institutions implemented the “president responsibility system” and established the Partys leadership over these institutions by strategically deploying Party members and cadres, promoting the establishment of Party organizations, and establishing political work systems. As shortcomings in the president responsibility system became increasingly evident, the CPC reformed the institutional framework to explore more effective mechanisms for implementing the Partys leadership over higher education institutions. In 1956, in accordance with the spirit of the Eighth National Congress of the CPC and the provisions of the Party Constitution, higher education institutions explored transitioning from the president responsibility system to the Party committee system in practice, for which the CPC Central Committee did not have specific regulations yet. After the Partys rectification movement in 1957, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the “Instructions on Education Work” in 1958, which clearly defined this system as “a responsibility system of the school affairs committee under the leadership of the Party committee”. In response to the deviations in the implementation of the system after the “education revolution”, the system was developed into “a responsibility system of the school affairs committee headed by the president under the leadership of the Party committee”, as stated in “Sixty Articles on Higher Education” in 1961 that the Party organizations at the level of departments and teaching and research sections played a supervisory and supportive role. After the institutional construction and practical exploration during this historical period, the Party committee system has become a fundamental institutional arrangement for the CPCs leadership over higher education institutions, laying the institutional foundation for the mature and finalized “president responsibility system under the leadership of the Party committee” in the new period. Related Articles | Metrics

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Adaptation and Guiding Role of Ideological and Political Education in the AI Era: Also on the Strategy of Using DeepSeek in Ideological and Political Education Xie Yujin1, Zhang Kaiqin2 2025, 59 (5):  79-89.  Abstract ( 365 )   PDF (8946KB) ( 42 )   The groundbreaking emergence of DeepSeek, as a domestically developed opensource large language model, has ignited vigorous discussions on AI across society, providing profound perspectives for innovating ideological and political education in the AI era. The discipline of ideological and political education has consistently embraced technological advancement from “applying AI for localized innovation”, “integrating into AI ecosystems for systematic transformation” to “advancing toward humanmachine symbiosis”. Amidst AIs rapid iteration pace, emerging challenges demand ideological and political education to proactively provide guidance in terms of the political orientation, humancentric values, ethical frameworks, consensus cultivation, and spiritual synergy, for the healthy and sustainable development of AI. Focusing on DeepSeeks adaptation and guiding practice, we should deepen expertise through vertical integration, innovate educational approaches, enhance competency cultivation, and develop proactive governance frameworks, thereby giving full play to DeepSeeks positive enabling role, and helping open up new prospects for ideological and political education. Related Articles | Metrics

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Smallholder Farmers, Family-based Operations, and Agricultural Modernization Tang Zhong1, Jia Yanan2, Li Jing3 2025, 59 (5):  90-101.  Abstract ( 115 )   PDF (9568KB) ( 31 )   In the process of Chinas agricultural modernization, what path shall smallholder farmers and familybased agricultural operations take? One perspective posits that only agricultural corporations can serve as the microlevel entities driving agricultural modernization, asserting that corporatization is the inevitable route to modernization. Another view argues that smallholders will inevitably be phased out by market forces, with newtype agricultural entities becoming the sole microlevel entities of modernization. This paper contends that, first, smallholder farming, familybased operations, and agricultural modernization are not mutually exclusive. The microlevel entities driving agricultural modernization should be diversified and coexistent. Familybased operations will not disappear, and hasty attempts to eliminate or “transform” smallholders are not in line with the inherent laws of agricultural development. Second, the enduring presence of smallholders and familybased operations can be attributed to the fact that familybased operations remain better adapted to the characteristics of agricultural production, demonstrate adaptability to evolving agricultural technological systems, and can be dynamically adjusted over time. Third, while the prediction of smallholders demise has not become a reality, this does not mean that the theory that largescale production holds advantages over than smallscale production is not applicable to agriculture. The continuous advancement of agricultural technologies and the gradual expansion of operational scales among agricultural entities exemplify the superiority of largescale production in modern agriculture. Related Articles | Metrics

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Political-Economic Analysis of Infrastructure Development with Chinese Characteristics: Theoretical Logic and Transformation Pathways He Zhaopeng, Xiao Chang 2025, 59 (5):  102-114.  Abstract ( 88 )   PDF (9451KB) ( 28 )   Infrastructure, in its essence, serves as the general conditions of production for economic activities, providing “essential use values” for largescale socialized production. Infrastructure development sustains capital circulation and accumulation across multiple dimensions, fostering specific forms of capital, enhancing capitals geographical mobility, accelerating capital turnover rates, maintaining and advancing surplus value production, and mitigating contradictions of capital overaccumulation. The contradictions and crises inherent in infrastructure development under capitalist modes of production stem from their distinctive formation mechanisms and provision methods. Socialism with Chinese characteristics has shaped a unique infrastructure development model with Chinese characteristics, achieving remarkable accomplishments that fundamentally underpinned Chinas development miracle that has lasted for over four decades, while also accumulating systemic contradictions and risks. In the new development stage, it is imperative to reform infrastructure development models through a problemoriented approach, vigorously advancing both physical and social infrastructure toward highquality development. This entails eliminating blockages in capital circulation, ensuring unimpeded capital flows, resolving contradictions and risks arising from infrastructure development processes, and thus advancing the Chinese path to modernization. Related Articles | Metrics

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National Security Governance Driven by Digital Platforms: Motivations, Risks and China's Responses Tang Qingpeng 2025, 59 (5):  115-126.  Abstract ( 92 )   PDF (9669KB) ( 27 )   In the era of digital economy with increasing platformization, digital platforms are becoming key security governance entities, profoundly reshaping the national security landscape. This transformation is driven by the direct impetus of evolving cybersecurity threats and escalating security demands, as well as the variable conditions of states adapting their digital security responsibilities and functional capacities, and inherent motivations within platforms based on their own developmental strategies and profit considerations. While assuming extensive national security functions, digital platforms simultaneously generate systemic risks, including challenges to digital sovereignty, impacts on cultural security, disruptions to virtual social order, and distortions in cyber politicaleconomic ecosystems, thereby fundamentally altering the foundations and dynamics of national security in cyberspace. As a deeply platformized digital power, China must face up to and address the shifting security relations and governance paradigms underlying this trend, holistically advancing platform governance for national security, strengthening state responsibilities in cyberspace security, and fostering new national security architecture tailored for the digital age. Related Articles | Metrics

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Theoretical Interpretation of and Practical Response to the Securitization of China-US Relations Ding Di 2025, 59 (5):  127-142.  Abstract ( 89 )   PDF (12635KB) ( 37 )   The securitization of major-power relations refers to a country framing its economic, technological, cultural, and other interactions with other countries as security threats, and prioritizing security competition as the primary principle in handling bilateral relations. The securitization of major-power relations is shaped by three key factors: the strategic environment they face, their behavioral motivations, and interactions between the actors. The characteristics and interplay of these factors determine the trajectory of such securitization. Amid shifting power dynamics between China and the United States (US), with the US increasingly perceiving China as its primary strategic competitor, the US has adopted strategies of zerosum competition and exacerbated conflict in assessing the strategic environment, setting behavioral motivations, and choosing interaction patterns. This approach has led to risks of overextension and loss of control in the USs securitization of relations with China. In response, China must work to reverse the expansion of USdriven securitization of its relations with China in three aspects: reshaping security perceptions, enhancing dialogue mechanisms, and constructing a new strategic stability framework, thereby preventing bilateral relations from falling into a pansecuritization trap. Related Articles | Metrics

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A Major Breakthrough in the Construction of China's Independent Knowledge System of Economics: Experiences and Thoughts on Socialist Political Economics with Chinese Characteristics  He Aiping 2025, 59 (5):  143-148.  Abstract ( 83 )   PDF (4208KB) ( 13 )   As a key textbook under the Marxist Theoretical Research and Development Project, the publication of Socialist Political Economics with Chinese Characteristics embodies the state will and stands as a significant achievement in advancing Chinas independent knowledge system of economics through the development of educational material. This marks a major breakthrough in constructing Chinas independent knowledge system of economics. The textbook integrates the fundamental principles of Marxist political economy with the great practices of socialist economic development with Chinese characteristics. Guided by Xi Jinpings thought on economy, it establishes a systematic theoretical framework for socialist political economics with Chinese characteristics. It has distinctive features in terms of structural arrangement, content design, and methodological application, which makes original contributions and achieves significant theoretical innovations in political economy, serving as an exemplary model for advancing the development of the textbook system of economics. Related Articles | Metrics