Chinas peripheral public diplomacy to countries that are involved in the construction of the “One Belt One Road” has achieved a lot,manifested in the systematization of implementation,the establishment of a spreading network and the creation of several scholarly and cultural brands.But many conducting and operational problems and threats still exist,including the lack of physical and psychological preparation for carrying out cooperative public diplomacy,the lack of measures taken to compete with Americas and Japans negative public diplomacy influence,the drawback of “one size fits all” public diplomacy strategy,the inadequate measures to influence antiterrorism public opinion,the inability to deal with the economic protectionism in some peripheral countries and the challenges imposed by territorial sovereignty disputes as well as regime change of some peripheral countries.In this regard,in order to construct the “One Belt One Road”,China should figure out shortterm,mediumterm and longterm objectives as well as an overall operational system,emphasize the planning and implementation of both cooperative public diplomacy and competitive public diplomacy,prepare for the choice of conflicting and confrontational public diplomacy at any instance,and continue the pace of carrying out normal public diplomacy and crisis public diplomacy.