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20 April 2005, Volume 39 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Correlational Analysis of Urbanization and Employment Growth in China YANG Yi-yong, GU Yan, WEI Heng 2005, (4):  5-12.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1070KB) ( )   Although urbanization in China has accelerated, its progress still lags far behind economy development. From a dynamic perspective, urbanization leads to more employment opportunities. However, problems of the administrative system, industrial structure, land system in rural areas, and over-emphasis on development of small towns are the critical factors that have hindered the process of urbanization, resulting in under employment. In light of all this, we should resort to the potential capacity of the enterprises, industrialization, up-grading of industrial structure, reform of the land system in rural areas, expansion of small- and medium-sized cities, development of the service industry, immigrant workers from rural areas and so on for improving employment. Policies that support the scientific concept of development and balance development in urban and rural areas should be implemented. In addition, quickening the development of large and medium cities as well as the service industry, increasing the elasticity of employment,and continuing the reform of the land system for more flexible use of the land are also suggested. The authors also point out that more attention should be directed to issues of employment and social security of the peasants,especially those who have lost their land, before we can promote further urbanization and guarantee that urbanization and employment develop hand in hand. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Historical Choice of Marxist Philosophy: Feng Qi’s Idea of Personality SONG Zhi-ming 2005, (4):  13-18.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1070KB) ( )   The motives for modernization of the Chinese philosophy lies in the urge to develop and to redress the situation of being lagged behind. It is historically inevitable that China should choose Marxist philosophy. The author explains that in modern and contemporary China, the simultaneous outbreak of the anti-Japanese movement and that of the enlightenment determined that those who were subject to enlightenment was of a large population, and therefore we need the guidance of Marxism to deal with problems occurring in mobilizing the Chinese people, in social reconstruction, and in modernization. Thus the over-emphasis placed on collectivism resulted in negligence of individual rights, which has led to serious consequences. Feng qi’s idea of “plebification and free personality” is a new model of ideal personality. It advocates combination of the collective principle and individual principle. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Interpreting an Analysis Framework of Research in Social Governing——A Review of ETHICS IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION with Respect to Marxist Academic Innovation LIU Zu-yun 2005, (4):  19-25.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1976KB) ( )   In his work ETHICS IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION, Professor Zhang Kangzhi proposed an analysis framework and applied it to “movement of public administration”. This is a typical example of Professor Zhang Kangzhi’s significant achievements, which are generally marked by his persistence in application of Marxist theories to practical problems in line with the historical course. The theoretical part of the book is composed of a series of abstract and substantial concepts. The analysis is conducted by an approach that integrates logic and history. The principal theories are meant to interpret “the original” of ethical relationships and attempt an ethical construction of public administration as a mode of social governing. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Commitment and Analyzing the Efficiency of Economic Policies Zhou Ye-an, Bao Lin-mei 2005, (4):  26-33.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (723KB) ( )   Based on Kydland and Prescott and others’ research, this paper has focus on discussing that commitment has influence on the efficiency of economic policies. According to these ideas, commitment may help to efficiently constitute and perform economic policies through stabilizing expectation, but commitment is incomplete under environment’s uncertainty and agent’s bounded rationality, the time-inconsistency of economic policies will occur. Incomplete commitment may be good or bad for economy, efficient commitment must include flexibility. Some institutions are designed for safeguarding efficient commitment, for instance, authorizing, reputation, and constitution. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Justifying Legitimacy of Global Governace CAI Tuo, WU Juan 2005, (4):  34-40.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (944KB) ( )   This article offers to analyze legitimacy of global governace from four aspects. First, the principles of a global governace system should be in line with certain values and social public concepts. Culture and values share many common features, and the latter provides foundation for the legitimacy of the former. Secondly, the relationship between global governace and the public should be one of positive interactive process. In this model of dynamic relation, the former should satisfy the latter’s public interests or needs in order to obtain conformity from the latter; and the former should also ensure the latter’s rights of participation in governace. Thirdly, the system of global governace is supposed to reflect its internal order and justice actualized in the terms of democracy, freedom, equality, security of social rights and control of the rights of public authority. This means recognition of global governace as inevitable. Fourthly, the mode of global governace should be progressive, spontaneous and a logical selection of political order, not an arbitrary design of anyone. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Idea Construction in Global Governace LIU Dong-guo 2005, (4):  41-46.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (689KB) ( )   Problems of the global commons give rise to the issue of global governance in the agenda of international cooperation, which have stimulated severe contradiction against the present world order. Therefore, reform and reconstruction of the present world order are called upon. Revelation from the history shows that major changes in world order could not have been realized without a revolution of ideas. The first step of establishing a new world order is to establish new ideas that include new world views,values, and the casual relations. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development of Diplomatic Philosophy in China MEN Hong-hua 2005, (4):  47-53.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1141KB) ( )   This is a philosophic analysis of the Chinese diplomatic thoughts and practice in the light of the concepts of philosophy, the times, the order and the world setup. In order to grasp the essence of Chinese diplomacy, the analysis covers the whole scope of diplomatic policies such as the independent and peaceful diplomacy, and combination of bilateralism and multilateralism in diplomacy. The author holds that under circumstances of globalization and higher-level mutual reliance, the Chinese diplomatic philosophy becomes adapted to the world situation. The spirit of the traditional Chinese strategic culture is revived and remodeled with additional quality of innovation. A mature philosophy in diplomacy is coming into being characterized by the dual quality of modesty and aggressiveness, with integration of mulilateralism and bilateralism. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Risk Preference in Economics of Uncertainty Huang Chun, Yu Ze, Li Bin 2005, (4):  54-59.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (943KB) ( )   Classical theory of western economics mainly analyzes the allocation efficiency under certainty. The general feature of economic environment, however, is uncertainty. Analysis of uncertainty is related to the understanding of essence of economic phenomena. Choice theory under uncertainty is the behavioral foundation of economic analysis. Two fundamental problems of choice theory under uncertainty are risk preference and probability. This paper shows the development of risk preference theory, and describes the challenge which is raised by modern development of choice theory under uncertainty to expected utility theory in the view of risk preference theory. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Historical Study of Interactive Relationship between Chinese and Western Cultures MA Ke-feng 2005, (4):  60-66.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (2176KB) ( )   The Chinese people have demonstrated roughly three different modes in understanding the western culture. One is restoration, which holds that the western culture has originated from the Chinese culture. Another is communication, which advocates combination of the two cultures. A third is comparison, which recognizes the cultural differences between the Chinese and western cultures. With the passage of time and social progress, the Chinese people have gained more profound understanding of the western culture, which reflects, in a sense, the course of cultural perception in modern China. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Comparative Study of Nozick and Rawls: A Theory of Individual Rights GONG Qun 2005, (4):  67-73.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (698KB) ( )   In his debate with John Rawls, Nozick raised a theory of justice that contains holding justice, transferring justice, and rectifying justice. He criticized Rawls’ distribution theory on the basis of this theory, which demonstrates that the orientation of his theory is individual rights. However, Nozick has totally neglected the importance of equality. Thus, he is not aware of the importance of coordination of justice in social cooperation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analyzing Wallerstein’s Theory of Accumulation of the Capital JIANG Hua 2005, (4):  74-79.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1056KB) ( )   Wallerstein, founder of the world system, claimed that the never-ending accumulation of capital serves as the fundamental motive for development of the world. He had reached this conclusion on the basis of the capital accumulation theories by Marx and Luxemburg. Accumulation of capital is realized by means of unfair exchanges between the central and the marginal sections of the world system. It is the existence of semi-proletarians that makes the exchange possible. This accumulation pushes the world forward with the characteristics of long-term tendency and periodicity. The former tends to make the system off course, while the latter functions to maintain balance. The author holds that Wallerstein’s accumulation of capital offers an important theoretical support for the historical course of capitalism. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Considerations in Establishing a Theoretical System of International Politics in China CHEN Yue 2005, (4):  80-84.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (660KB) ( )   A theoretical system of international politics characteristic of the Chinese style, should definitely be a complete, holistic, systematic, and macro system in the discipline of international politics or international relations. To establish such a system we should stick to the basic principles and methods of Marxism with reference to the relatively more mature theoretical framework, valid concepts, intention and maxims of the western international politics, with the inherit cultural background, ways of thinking and environment of Chinese scholars. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Latest Development in Studies of Localization of Marxism in China HE Hu-sheng 2005, (4):  85-91.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1216KB) ( )   The author maintains that the “three represents” initiated by Comrade Jiang Zemin in February 2002 illustrates the latest theoretical findings of localization of Marxism in China, and contributes to promoting new development in this research area. Three significant developments are observed in this respect. First, further researches are promoted in the connotation of localizing Marxism in China, its historical inevitability, historical course of progress and basic experience. Second, the relationships of Mao Zedong thought, Deng Xiaoping theory and “three represents” with localization of Marxism in China have been studied in a more systematic way. Third, further researches on localization of the three components of Marxism have been conducted. There also exist certain limitations in this research area. The author suggests that theoretical innovation is necessary for higher level research with relevance of the reality of the Chinese revolution, Chinese construction and reform, with the basic theories of Marxism as the point of departure. References | Related Articles | Metrics