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20 October 2004, Volume 38 Issue 10 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Analyzing Deng Xiaoping’s Idea "To Lead Means to Serve"——On Relations of "Leadership", "Service" and "Represents" MA Jun-jie 2004, (10):  12-18.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (2714KB) ( )   "To lead means to serve" is a typical expression of Deng Xiaoping’s idea of leadership and a new way to generalize what leadership means in the light of Marxism. This expression, rich and profound, reveals the essence and principles of leadership. It reflects the characteristics and advantages of current leadership in China, and is of theoretical and practical significance. "Three represents" is, in fact, further development of this idea and opens up a new horizon of "to lead means to serve". The article concludes that "leadership", "service", and "represents" are to be seen as an integrated whole with the three aspects influencing and reinforcing each other. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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On Historical Development Stages of Marxist Philosophy in China——A Comparative Study of Development of Philosophy in China and in the West AN Qi-nian 2004, (10):  19-23.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (2502KB) ( )   Reflecting on the historical course of development of Marxist philosophy in China enables us to discover something beyond our own path and regular patterns. There is evidence that the development of Marxist philosophy in China has been repeating what had happened to Marxist philosophy in the West, in a sense, in a more condensed way. This justifies the law of social development emphasized by Marxism, prompting us to make more conscious efforts in the study of philosophy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Philosophy and Marxism; Decoding Sartre’s "The problem of method" ZHANG Li-bo, WANG Hui 2004, (10):  24-30.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (2770KB) ( )   "The problem of method" by Sartre marked his progress from conscious philosophy to Marxism. In the course of this development, Sartre reexamined basic concepts of philosophy and history, and highly evaluated Marxism. In contrast with Sartre’s course from philosophy to Marxism, many Chinese scholars are turning from Marxism to philosophy in recent years and have achieved remarkable attainments. The author holds that Sartre’s course has offered us implications, that is, Marxism has actualized its historical significance in both the era of Hegel and modern times, pointing to a future trend; while all the other schools of thought show only an existence of ideology. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Institutional Analysis of Non-governmental Organizations in Market Economy TAN Zhi-lin 2004, (10):  31-36.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (2615KB) ( )   According to the theories of neo-institutional economics, non-governmental organizations are in fact an internal institutional arrangement in market economy, because it is democratic politics, market economy and non-governmental organizations that consist of the basic social institutional framework. Within this framework, democratic politics functions as substantial control, while market economy and non-governmental organizations exist as a more flexible instructional arrangement that grand mutual support. The development of non-governmental organizations is motivated by the institutional needs of market economy, which in turn promotes maturity and development of the civil society. Under circumstances of market economy, non-governmental organizations perform the internal institutional function, and help build up an institutional climate for operation of market economy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Interpreting "China Joins the International Society" CHENG You-zhong 2004, (10):  37-42.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (2594KB) ( )   "International society" is a term in the studies of international relation with a specific meaning. The international society China has joined is not one with homogeneous values or institutions. Instead, it refers to one of multidimensional values and institutions with imbal-anced power, even though there have been an increase of common aims and benefits as a result of globalization. In this sense, the international society China joins is in effect an integration and combination of various contradictions. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Environmental NGOs: Restrict MNC’s Action HUO Shu-hong 2004, (10):  43-48.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (2622KB) ( )   As the globalization developing, the world’s interdependence is more and more intensified. While we are acquiring the advantage taken by the globalization, we also are faced with the global obsessions, especially the global environment problem. MNC(Multinational Corporation) bring about not only economical boom but also environmental pollution as the main body of global econnmics. the global environment problem changes the content of the international relation to some extent,and affects the development of the international affairs. Traditional national authority based on the compulsion sometimes appears powerless. As to MNC problem,it is far inadequate to depend on the power of nation alone. The nongovernmental organizations have formed an intangible powerful sanction based on the authorities they own. they can cooperate with the nations together to reinforce the restrict to MNC’s action. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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1949 to 1956: Foreign Affairs Policies and Strategies in Coping with Developed Countries in the West SHA Jian-sun 2004, (10):  49-56.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (2967KB) ( )   The article holds that during the period between 1949 and 1956 the Chinese government had adopted definite and flexible policies and measures in dealing with developed countries in the West, varying with different countries, different periods of time in history and different affairs. Among these are policies and measures that aimed at destroying imperialist control in China, fighting against imperialist policies of aggression and war, seeking peaceful coexistence with capitalist countries and taking advantage of the beneficial results of capitalist civilization to promote socialist construction in China. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress and Implications of Constructing Socialist Constitution in China SONG Jian, DING Jun-ping 2004, (10):  57-64.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (2800KB) ( )   Construction of socialist constitution is an important component of constructing socialist political civilization characteristics of Chinese style. Construction of the Chinese constitution has experienced a course of fifty-year, from 1954 when people’s democracy was decided by the constitution to 2004 with publicity of the current amendment of the law. This is a complicated course full of hardships. Rich implications have been drawn from this historical course. They are as follows: Not only is there the need of a good constitution, but more important is the means of applying the concepts and theories in the constitution in political practice. The superior authority of the constitution should be definite to pave the way for rule by law. A steady and effective operational system should be established to ensure implementation of the constitution. The relation between the Party in power and the constitution should be properly dealt with to achieve an integrated ideal of the peoples’ government ruled by the law under the leadership of the Party. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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China’s Strategic Judgment on Multipolarity: Evolution and Features Fang Le-xian 2004, (10):  70-76.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (2688KB) ( )   This paper discusses the evolution process of China’s major conception and strategic judgment on world multipolarity by comprehensive reviewing of Chinese government’s official documents. The author argues that the process has undergone three phases; the initial proclaiming in early 1990s, the clearer defining in mid and late 1990s and further enriching and developing in the beginning of the new century. On this basis, The paper also analyzes the major features of this strategic judgment and its implications to China’s foreign policy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Controversies over Ricardian Equivalence Theorem YANG Yuan-gen 2004, (10):  77-82.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (2604KB) ( )   Ricardian Equivalence Theorem involves a series of important theoretical and practical issues such as basic relation of tax and government bonds,chosen form of financial income, economic behaviors of individuals and enterprises concerning taxation and government bonds,and necessity of selecting the tool of macro adjustment and monitoring on the part of the government as well. So,it has drawn the attention of may economists and led to many theoretical controversies. The author predicts that these controversies are likely to continue. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Summary of Research in Political Symbolism in the West ZHANG Xiao-feng, LÜ Yan-jun 2004, (10):  83-90.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (2852KB) ( )   The theory of political symbolism, which is among the mainstream theories of mass communication, came into being between the 1930s and 1940s. However, it did not gain wide acknowledgement in politics until 1980s. Political symbolism as a discipline applies the methodology of psychology, sociology, anthropology and so on, in analyzing the special political phenomenon of political symbolism in modern society from many perspectives. Scholars like Graham Wallas,C. Merriam,H. Lasswell,Edalman have made great contributions to the development and perfection of the theory. This article attempts to introduce the background, the theoretical framework and representatives of the theory of political symbolism, which is expected to shed light on studies of political promulgation in China. References | Related Articles | Metrics