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20 May 1998, Volume 32 Issue 5 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Considerations in Employment of Surplus Laid-off Workers in State-Owned Enterprises 1998, (5):  5-11.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (712KB) ( )   Large numbers of surplus employees and aid-off worker have worried many state-owned enterprises,posing serious obstacles for the reform.While the major cause for this phenomenon is related to the slow speed of reform,there are more profound aspects that account for it.They are problems concerning external environment of the enterprises,the enterprises,and the workers.The situation deteriorates because of the increasing number of laid-off workers and unemployment,but we can not resrt to planned economy.Instead,we have no other choice but to solve probles of employment through development of market economy.It is possible to approach this problem by means of macro economic policies of the state,by efforts of enterprises and by hoping that the workers will change their concept in seeking new employment.With further development of the economic reform and steady improvement of management in state-owned enterprises,the phenomenon of lay-off workers in the state-owned enterprises will evolve to unemployment in the labor market outside the enterprises.In order to prevent the shock of unemployment from becoming too heavy,we must see to it that macro policies be made in accordance with development of the labor market,so as to ensure that the recessive unemployment be transferred to overt unemployment along with creation of employment opportunities in the labor market,keeping the process of this transfer under tight control. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Studies of Disintegration and Recombination of Social Classes in Modern China Zhu Guanglei 1998, (5):  12-17.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (934KB) ( )   Since 1980s disintegration of social classes in china has become a common phenomenon in social life.The historic premises of this social disintegration are the so called “pseudo identity” and chaotic situations in which normal movemnt of social classes are not guided to appropriate channels,while the triggers of it were the start and primary development of economic and political reforms.During the course of social disintegration four major classes have emerged.They are:the basic class(workers and peasants),the rising class(enterprisers and people who work in country enterprises),the renewed class(people who are selfemployed or unemployed),and the marginal class(army men,university graduates,country intellectuals,and cadres in the countryside).The main features of this disintegration are as follows:existence of people with double social identities,strengthening of self-consciousness among people of all classes during the process of disintegration,the problem of “persistency of social status” being raised too early,uncertainty in position of “formal schooling” caused by the rapid pace of social disintegration,as well as the reduction of political difference and increase of economic difference among social classes.Positive influence of disintegration of social classes in China has given impetus to the transformation from“identity” to “contract” of the society,and promoted the process of democracy and construction of the legal system. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Three Forms of Dialectics Wang Nanshi 1998, (5):  18-22.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (709KB) ( )   Three forms of dialectics are inspected from the point of view of relation between dialectics and basic ideas of philosophy.Visual dialectics attempts to interpret the world by general principles,though its reasoning has never reached the level of pure conceptions.Introspective philosophy reveals contradication within the concepts themselves and thus resulting in reasoning deeper down to the level of the essence.However,the nature of this profoundness is of negativeness.Historic dialectics admits necessity of existence of contradictions,and looks upon contradiction as a logical developing process in history.Hegel was a great success in historic dialectics,but the subjectivity of his dialectics was absolute Abstract spirit.So his historic dialectics is not without defect.It is this defect that has led to Marx’s theory of practice and historic dialectics. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on Ideological Trend of Reconciliation in Early Years of Republic of China Gao Like 1998, (5):  29-33.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (926KB) ( )   Reconciliation was the basic theory of reconciled modernization in late Qing Dynasty and early years of the republic of China represented by Du Yaquan,Zhang Shizhao,Li Dazhao,Cai Yuanpei and so on.This idea rose from combination of the golden mean of the Confucian School and liberalism from Great Brain.Its idea of modernization and cultural reform consists in melting cultural elements of China and of the West in a moderate gradual reform.The most obvious characteristics of reconciliation that marked it out from the radical and the conservative is that it advocated a rationl multiple doctrine of the mean.Therefore it was able to go beyond the contradiction of European ideas and the quintessence of Chinese culture.Because of all this thought became especially valuable in enlightenment period with its neutralism of compatibility with the new and the old,and stability of gradual change. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Theories of Regional Unbalance in Western Development Economics Guo Xibao, Chen Shu 1998, (5):  34-40.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (883KB) ( )   There are two major ideas in the theories of unbalanced regional development:the theory of development poles and the theory of circulation of accumulative causal relationship.These two points are actually denial of balanced development.The former stresses creativity and function of progressive enterprises.Its description of social development has got more realistic,and thus adopted by different countrie to solve problems in regional planning.The latter,on the other hand,calls on establishing optimal environment for development to suit the reality of developing countries,in an attempt to strengthen “extension effect” and overcome“echo effect”.This idea,too,is picked up by developing countries.The theory of unbalanced regional development coincided the history of economic development in the USA.Other examples of developing countries that have succeeded in economic increase guided by the strategy of unbalanced regional development are Brazil and Malaysia. References | Related Articles | Metrics