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16 August 2018, Volume 52 Issue 8 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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From the Integration of Urban and Rural Area to the Revitalization of the Countryside——The Path and Development Trend of the Evolution of Chinas Urban and Rural Relations since CPC 18th Congress   Kong Xiangzhi, Zhang Xiaorong 2018, 52 (8):  5-14.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1814KB) ( )   Since the CPC 18th Congress, China has formed a new urbanrural relationship under the strategy of integration of urban and rural areas, and agricultural and rural areas have made considerable progress. On the basis of a series of achievements, the relationship between urban and rural areas has entered a new stage of urban and rural integration, namely, the integration of urban and rural development through the integration of elements, regions and ways of life. Under the new era, the deep integration of urban and rural areas and the rapid development of cities in China require the revitalization of rural areas and the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. To carry out rural revitalization strategy, we need to revitalize rural development from aspects of industry, talent, culture, ecology and organization.   Related Articles | Metrics

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Farm Output Quotas for Household and Farm Output Contracted to Gousehold are Different Collective Operations——Also on the Path of Enhancing the Capacity of Collective Development under the Strategy of Rural Revitalization Zheng Yougui 2018, 52 (8):  15-20.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1119KB) ( )   There are similarities and differences in the production of contracted products to households and contractors to households. The similarity between them is that they both break through the practice of single and unified operation of agricultural means of production such as collective land. It is different from the tenancy management of the clan field in the feudal period, which is the innovation of the collective economic management system in the socialist countryside. The difference between them is that the relationship between the collective and the collective management is different because of the different degree of the income distribution between the collective and the farmers in the household contract management. In view of the problem of inadequate rural development and uneven development of urban and rural development, the implementation of the rural strategy needs to promote the development of unified management while promoting household contract management. This will give full play to the indispensable role of unified management in enhancing the capacity of gathering rural resources, as well as the ability of urban and rural integration and development. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Change of Rural Social Structure and Innovation of Governance System in China Wang Jingxin1, Li Linlin2 2018, 52 (8):  21-30.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1682KB) ( )   “Rural revitalization, effective governance is the foundation.” We must clarify the social structure of Chinas rural areas. Great changes have taken place in the rural social structure in contemporary China, and the “village community” has been replaced by the socialist collective economic community. The “grassroots market community” has been transformed into a regional political, economic and cultural center community. The “grassroots production community” has expanded into the “trinity” cooperative community of farmers. “Having families both at urban and rural area” has become an important feature of Chinas social structure. The direction and goal of the innovation of Chinas rural governance system should be guided by the spirit of the CPC Nineteen National Congress major report and build a socialist rural governance system with Chinese characteristics. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Prospect of Study of Early Dissemination of Marxism in China over the Past Ten Years   Wang Yi 2018, 52 (8):  30-38.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1725KB) ( )   Starting from the research paradigm of ideological history, this paper analyzes the research situation and characteristics of the early dissemination of Marxism in China over the past ten years. This article holds that the academic circles have carried out a deep study on the spread of Marxism in China including the group, text, content and regional characteristics of the early spread of Marxism in China, and have produced many valuable achievements. Based on the existing research results, this paper looks forward to the trend and possibility of future research. Related Articles | Metrics

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Fortieth Anniversary of Reform and OpeningUp: The Features and Enlightenment of Chinas Participation in Global Governance#br# Yang Na 2018, 52 (8):  39-49.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (2104KB) ( )   Chinas participating into global governance has experienced three stages, pursuing independence and at the marginal of international governance system which is “standing up” stage, close connection between domestic economic interest and global economic system which is “getting rich” stage, leading global governance process and actively providing global public goods which is “getting strong” stage. Tracing history, Chinas participating in global governance has changed in several aspects, the features are, the attitudes towards international institutions shifting from alienation, attending to leading, actors of participation from single to multiple, participating fields from concentrating on economics extending to omnibearing, participating path from obeying international rules to promoting reforms and innovation, and forming global governance ideas with highposition and widefield. The influential factors include, Chinas power increasing, interweaving between domestic issues and global issues, international systems transformation and global governance failure. The enlightenment of Chinas attending global governance involves, seizing historical opportunity relying on strong national power, prudently exerting national power to lead global development, matching the goals and path between state governance and global governance, global responsibility promoting international discourse, and synchronously developing both the practice of reform and openingup and updating ideas of globalization.   Related Articles | Metrics

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Artificial Intelligence and Human Destiny Wang Tianen 2018, 52 (8):  50-56.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1249KB) ( )   The contemporary development of artificial intelligence has aroused peoples unprecedented concern for the fate of mankind. If AI can evolve as human intelligence, it will be able to enter into a higher stage of intelligent evolution with human intelligence. On the basis of the evolution of human intelligence, it will become the secondary evolution form of intelligence. Therefore, artificial intelligence and human intelligence will merge into evolution, and artificial intelligence will become a continuation of human intelligence. Because of the complexity of the process of integration, on the one hand, we must maintain the principle of “Tao ahead of evil” development, on the other hand, we must maintain the ethical vigilance, and make the corresponding theoretical preparation.   Related Articles | Metrics

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Ethical Conflict and Ethical Regulation Caused by AI Sun Weiping 2018, 52 (8):  57-63.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1463KB) ( )   Artificial intelligence is a kind of revolutionary and disruptive technology which is far from mature. It is difficult to predict the ethical consequences that may lead to it. Artificial intelligence is widely applied. Humanoid intelligent robots are deconstructing traditional human relations. Data collection and analysis, intelligent machines replacing human work are triggering various ethical conflicts. Intelligent driving and virtual reality are bringing various ethical problems. Based on the great changes of the times and society, we must evaluate the intellectual value of artificial intelligence, and carry out effective ethical regulation on the research and development and application of artificial intelligence. Related Articles | Metrics

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Postsingularity Age: Will AI Transcend and Replace Human Beings? Xia Yonghong1, Li Jianhui2 2018, 52 (8):  64-71.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1544KB) ( )   The development of AI has brought about not only the fantasy of technological singularities, but also the growing concern about its security. These concerns usually involve two different future singularities, that is, machines surpass human beings and machines replaces human beings. The former involves risks of dignity and moral hazard, that is, machines may endanger human superiority and may be subject to human abuse. The latter is mainly about survival risk, that is, human beings may face the survival threat of the machines. This paper holds that AI is not going to surpass or replace human beings until the autonomic generation of artificial intelligence is realized. Human dignity risk, ethical risk and survival risk are unlikely to take place before that. The real risk is the decision by the artificial intelligence.   Related Articles | Metrics

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Enduing Artificial Intelligence “Moral Chips (Conscience)”——Four Dimensions of Ethical Research of Artificial Intelligence 2018, 52 (8):  72-79.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1641KB) ( )   The development of artificial intelligence(AI) should be based on human value and aim at human wellbeing, which requires moral chips for AI and conscience for human being. This means that the ethical research of AI should be carried out around the two dimensions: “moral chip of AI” and “conscience of human being”. The research of “moral chip of AI” refers to the research of AI algorithm, aiming at making AI have a “moral chip” and make it a moral AI or moral machine. “Conscience of human being” means AI developers and users should have “conscience” to make AI design moral, avoid malicious designs, and ensure the good utilizing of AI so as to bring benefits to human society. That is to say, the research of “conscience of human being” covers the design ethics and social ethics of AI. There are many basic problems raised by “moral chip of AI” and “conscience of human being”, which need to be responded from the perspective of moral philosophy. In this way, the research of AI ethics includes four dimensions: AI moral philosophy, AI moral algorithm, AI design ethics and AI social ethics. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Predicament of the Peoples Livelihood of Neoliberalism——Taking Obamas Medical Reform as an Example Yang Jing1, Jin Ke2 2018, 52 (8):  80-89.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1925KB) ( )   The predicament of the peoples livelihood in the United States under the guidance of the neoliberalism theory is becoming more and more intense after the international financial crisis in 2008. The Obama administration intends to rebuild the US medical insurance system to ease the peoples livelihood on the basis of the neoliberalism foundation through health care reform. But his practice encountered great setbacks and failed in practice. This shows that the United States can not effectively solve the predicament of the peoples livelihood under the guidance of the neoliberalisms peoples livelihood. At present, in the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, we should draw on the difficulties of the peoples livelihood of neoliberalism and the failure of Obama cares as a reference. We should abandon the influence of the neoliberalism, straighten out the relationship between the government and the market, and build a serviceoriented government with the satisfaction of the people.   Related Articles | Metrics

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The Western Catchall Partys Theory: Debate and Evaluation Xiang Wenhua 2018, 52 (8):  90-99.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1785KB) ( )   Since Otto Kirchheimer proposed the concept of catchall parties, western political scientists have had a long and widespread debate over the catchall thesis, and tested its adaptability, thus formed a fully inclusive theory of catchall parties. However, some scholars criticized the catchall partys theory from different aspects. More authors believe that the catchall thesis reflects the reality of some western mainstream political parties and has a certain explanatory power, But some new changes in western political parties and party systems have affected its explanatory power. The theory of catchall parties can not adapt to all political parties, especially for most political parties in developing countries.   Related Articles | Metrics

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New Progress in the Research of Industrial Policy Theory and Its Implications Ma Ben1, Zheng Xinye2 2018, 52 (8):  100-109.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1561KB) ( )   After the global financial crisis in 2008, industrial policy has received renewed attention. This paper introduces the connotation of industrial policy, and reveals the non uniqueness of its connotation, which is a major obstacle to deepening industrial policy discussion. Following three aspects of the traditional market failure, the failure of the market coordination and the dynamic evolution of the structure, this paper systematically combs the theoretical basis of the industrial policy so as to provide a full view of the theoretical foundation. Because the theoretical logic of industrial policy has not reached a consensus, and not been fixed, the legitimacy of policy intervention may be weakened by the failure of the government, the policy makers should take a cautious attitude to the application of industrial policy. In view of the industrial policy theory research, we urgently need to establish a comprehensive costbenefit analysis framework, and guide to further deepen relevant studies both theorically and empirically.   Related Articles | Metrics