The core values of the society are the concentrated expression of the national spirit, which congealed the common pursuit of value for all the people. From ancient times to now, it has gone through the long evolution process from “Confucianism as the main form, Taoist and Buddhism as subsidiary” to “Marxism as the main form, the traditional value as the root and the Western value as subsidiary”. These are mainly influenced by four major factors, such as the main social contradictions, the basic social system, the traditional culture and the foreign culture. Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era. We should cultivate and carry forward the socialist core values and set up a value system that reflects Chinese characteristics, national characteristics and the characteristics of the times, so as to seize the commanding heights of the value system. We need to locate the relationship between the major social contradictions and core values in ideology, deal with the relations between mainstream and pluralism on the pattern, grasp the relationship between conservatism and radicalism in rhythm, and coordinate the relationship between system guarantee and propaganda ways in practice.