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20 June 2010, Volume 44 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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A Critique of the Relationship between Human Will and Objective Laws in Traditional Marxist Philosophy ZHANG Wen-xi 2010, (6):  6-13.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1964KB) ( )   The point of view of traditional Marxist philosophy on the relationship between subjective initiative and objective laws was caught in a difficult dilemma of revolutionary will and historical laws.This expresses the tension and conflict between the two world views——the vulgar(mechanical) materialism and the subjective idealism.This was evidenced by the internal logic of the Marxist theorists of the Second International more than by Lukacs/Kolls’s criticism of Merlin/Plekhanov.Vulgar(mechanical) Marxism’s love for Spinozasim was as strong as it’s preference to Fichte’s activism,and Marx had insisted that this should be understood from the perspective of association within the contradiction.This association shows that will and laws are coexisting and dichotomous in the social organism.Compared with the questions of why and how to follow historical laws,voluntarism was the response to a social organism theory,and a social organism theory should not ignore either voluntarism or mechanical materialism.The critique of relationship between human will and objective laws in traditional Marxist philosophy is both a most penetrating account of vulgar Marxism and an insightful explanation of how the subjective initiative of Marxist philosophy is firmly based on materialism. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Creator and Guardian,or Liberator and Saver——Existential Explanation and Supplementation of Historical Materialism LUO Qian 2010, (6):  14-20.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1000KB) ( )   By inheriting the enlightenment principles of creation and promotion in criticizing modern alienation,historical materialism interprets the future history as being composed of freedom and liberation.However,guarding existence has been highlighted to be the basic ontological task against the precarious abyss of the capital.Thus,salvation and liberation constitute the dual themes of historical materialism in the contemporary period.The author remarks that the theme of salvation is closely related to the intrinsic nature and consolidation of historical materialism in the contemporary time. Related Articles | Metrics

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Engels’ Ideas of Historical Materialism Expressed in Letters of His Late Years——In Comparison with Marx’s Letters of Historical Materialism ZANG Feng-yu 2010, (6):  21-25.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1315KB) ( )   In his late years,Engels elaborated in his letters on his ideas about Marxist philosophy explained in his work "Ludwig Feuerbach and End of Classical German Philosophy".He held that economic and social development was the source of ideas in philosophical studies,and explained the profound connotation of "force of history" in the light of dialectics.These ideas had once been criticized by western Marxist philosophers like Althusser and Korsch.An examination of these critiques may help reveal the spirit of the time as described by Engels’ historical materialist interpretation.Studies of the letters on historical materialism by Marx and Engels respectively shows that while Marx and Engels had the same point of departure in inspecting social life and history,they differed in the perspectives,ways of thinking,and styles of expressions. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Comparative Study of the Characteristics of Social Contradictions in the Chinese Urban and Rural Areas Today ZHAO Hui-zhu 2010, (6):  26-31.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (846KB) ( )   After 30 years of reform and open-up,a series of problems caused by social contradictions have arisen because social development has obviously lagged behind economic growth.While problems in the urban and rural areas have similarities,they also differ tremendously because of the large gap between the city and the countryside.In the urban area the problems are of a larger quantity,of more varied types and varying in degrees of tensity.The attitudes of the urban and rural residents towards these problems,and the degree of contradictions between the people and the government are also different.Besides,social discrimination is stronger in the city than in the countryside.People’s means of protecting their rights and the development trend of the problems in the urban and rural areas are different,too. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Globalization of Capital Accumulation and Production of Space LI Chun-min 2010, (6):  32-37.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1626KB) ( )   One of the characters of capital accumulation is its spatial nature determined by its intrinsic property of constant conquering and occupation,and spatial expansion of capital inevitably results in globalization of capital.Globalization of capital has exercised heavy influence on the world social space with the consequent dual feature of homogeneity and fracture.Homogeneity has composed the spatial power field of capital,and fracture has led to spatial exploitation of the developing nations and countries.Following Marx and Engels,Lenin,Bukharin and Luxembourg reconsidered the phenomenon of space as a feature of capital accumulation in the era of imperialism.Their theories presented evidence that Marx’s theoretical system is not without the dimension of space. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Political Connections and Growth of Enterprises YANG Qi-jing 2010, (6):  38-43.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1264KB) ( )   Under the China’s style of decentralization,the local governments are not only granted huge discretion on the local affair but also hold many resources that can be used to help enterprises.This induces the enterprises emphasizing on political connections.On one side,the political connections can benefit the enterprises,especially the private enterprises by the ownership protection,deregulation and even cheep public resources.However,on the other side,political connects might seriously restrict the growth of enterprises.It is not only that the core capability and healthy corporate governance are depressed,but also much rent is dissipated.So,we need to reform ownership,to relax regulations,to strength the competition in order to reduce the negative effects of political connections. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Social Responsibility of Enterprises from the Perspective of Stakeholder Theory LI Shu-ying 2010, (6):  44-50.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (904KB) ( )   The theory of stakeholders has been developed on the basis of reflection on and critiques of the traditional enterprise theories.It emphasizes that an enterprise should not only be responsible for the shareholders,but also bears responsibility for stakeholders.This theory reinforces an enterprise’s social responsibility,clarifies the subjects and scope of its social responsibility,and supplies valid measurement of enterprise social responsibility.Thus,it offers strategic guidance for management of enterprise social responsibility. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Social Distance in East Asia and Globalization WANG Wei-dong 2010, (6):  51-56.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1418KB) ( )   The author observes that while globalization has become the general setting in the teaching and research of philosophy,social sciences,and sociology in particular,relevant studies have been rare.Based on the data from the globalization module of the 2008 East Asian Social Survey,this paper employs the simplified Borgadus social distance scale to analyze the social distance pattern of East Asia,and further discusses the differences in levels of globalization among China,Japan,South Korea and Chinese Taiwan,using social distance as an index for measurement.Based on this analysis,the author claims that regionalization and integration of East Asia are not formed yet. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Historical Institutionalism and Its Explanation of European Integration FANG Le-xian 2010, (6):  57-62.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1273KB) ( )   As an important branch of new institutionalism,historical institutionalism is remarkable because of its definition of institution,its actor preference,and its creation and evolution of institutions.Historical institutionalism offers unique assumptions and interpretation of EU polity and European integration.The path dependency theory,one of its core concepts,is of much importance to understand European integration.Starting with the general characters of historical institutionalism,the article attempts to discuss the main-stream explanations of European integration with an analysis of the fundamental concepts of historical institutionalism,focusing on the implications of institutions and path dependency.A reflection on the advantages and limitations of this approach in interpreting European integration is also presented. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Reciprocal Altruism in International Relations:Basic Types,Ethical Orientation and Dynamic Origin——With Respect to the Dynamic Origin of State Altruism HUANG Zhen 2010, (6):  63-69.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (2039KB) ( )   There are three general patterns of reciprocity in IR,namely reciprocity of homogeneity,reciprocity of mutual benefit,and community reciprocity.Studies of reciprocity not only attend to the ethical orientation of reciprocity,but also explore the dynamic origin of the ethical orientation.In other words,if elfishness and selflessness of a state can both lead to altruism behaviors,then,in the sense of ethical orientation,what is the dynamic origin of these behaviors? Adam Smith was trapped in the tautological explanation that "since the actor is inherently both selfish and selfless,he can be both self-serving and other-serving".Marx’s view of human nature that people are "the sum total of all social relations" provides a much better explanation for understanding the nature of states in IR theory.Therefore,the basic answer to the question of dynamic origin of the duel ethical orientation of a state is ontology of practice. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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On Relevance and Interaction of Ideological and Political Education with Contemporary Western Ideological Trend FU Ru-liang, LIANG Jian-xin 2010, (6):  70-76.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (958KB) ( )   At an increasingly open time,the Chinese ideological and political education should include analysis of contemporary ideological trend in the west.For this purpose grasping the relevance of the western ideological trend to China’s ideological and political education and maintaining interaction of the two is the best theoretical premise.From the point of view of relevance,ideological and political education offers a special approach to analyzing the western ideological trend.This is an important step that makes ideological and political education involved in reality.It also presents rich resources for the thinking patterns in ideological and political education.From the point of view of interaction,collision with the contemporary western ideological trend may contribute to development of both the Chinese ideological and political education and the western ideological trend. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Review of Meade’s Theory on Liberal Socialism CHENG Fu-rui 2010, (6):  77-84.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1382KB) ( )   The theory of liberal socialism proposed by James Meade,the founder of the theories of internal and external balance and national income accounting,has not been profoundly understood till today.According to Meade,in order to realize the basic economic goals like moderate growth,full employment,price stability and balanced payments,one must be familiar with the internal mechanism of economy as an organic system.Meade proposed a mode of macro economic management with full employment at its core,and offered an excellent analysis of synthetic application of the policy options and their effects.His long standing studies that had lasted for scores of years and his detailed ideas and practice presented significant implications for further development of the Chinese socialist market economy today. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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IPE Discipline in China:A Historical Analysis ZHONG Fei-teng, MEN Hong-hua 2010, (6):  85-93.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (2294KB) ( )   The paper describes the development of international political economy(IPE),and offers some suggestion on how to strengthen the development of the discipline.The article is composed of three parts: Part One explains briefly the academic origin and theoretical connotation of IPE;Part Two examines the development of IPE courses in China.It maintains that the framework of the discipline in higher education has been established,and many textbooks and academic works with Chinese characteristics have been published.Active and heated dialogues with the academic circle abroad involving the Chinese development model,how China can be integrated into the international system and China’s influence on the world have been carried out.Part Three raises suggestions about methods of quickening our steps to improve IPE discipline and measures for further research. References | Related Articles | Metrics