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Foucault and Marx: From Capital to the Genealogy of Power
Ouyang Qian
Teaching and Research 2025, 59 (
11
): 131-140.
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The relationship between Foucault and Marx remains a contentious issue, characterized by both their close connections and theoretical divergences, further complicated by Foucaults own contradictory and ambiguous statements on the matter. On one hand, Foucault explicitly denied being a Marxist, yet he frequently referenced—often without explicit attribution—Marxs concepts and methodologies. On the other hand, he claimed that his genealogy of power originated from Marx, particularly from the second volume of Capital, though he never provided a detailed theoretical elaboration. This paper begins with Foucaults explicit acknowledgment of the second volume of Capital to explore the intellectual course from Capital to the genealogy of power, thereby clarifying the theoretical relationship between Foucault and Marx. The discussion focuses on three key issues: first, Foucaults theoretical distinction between Marx and Marxism; second, the theoretical linkage between the second volume of Capital and Foucault's genealogy of power; and third, the prospects of the theories of Foucault and Marx in the era of digital capitalism.
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Social Criticism from the Perspective of Biopolitics: The Biopolitical Conception in Marcuse's Critical Theory
Ouyang Qian , Xu Jiyuan
Teaching and Research 2023, 57 (
3
): 123-130.
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Among contemporary Western critical theories of society, the critical theory developed by the Frankfurt School is unique because of its distinct political standpoint. As one of the most prominent members of the Frankfurt School, Marcuse produces his version of critical theory of society that outlines an alternative plan for radical social change under the guidance of his biopolitical conception. Combining the perspectives of Marxism, existentialism, Freudianism, the New Left and others alike, and referring to the experience of contemporary Western new social movements, Marcuse discusses the dialectics of liberation that the society transitions from repressive civilization to nonrepressive civilization. He regards biopolitics as the politicization of erotic energies and the resistance initiated by individual bodies and minds, and labels it “firstperson politics”. From this firstperson biopolitical perspective, Marcuse puts forward a theory of human liberation that is different from the classic Marxist theory, and thus to a certain extent, has influenced the New Left's theory of social change today.
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Foucault's Theory of Power and Governanment
Hu Yaohui, Ouyang Qian
Teaching and Research 2021, 55 (
3
): 96-104.
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Power has always been the focus of contemporary political thought. Foucault's power theory is a new exploration of traditional power theory. By regarding power as the relationship of power, Foucault's power theory not only makes up for the defect that traditional power theory equates power with domination, but also analyzes the macro mechanism of the state and local micro practice at the same time. Therefore, Foucault's power theory has become a supplement to Marx's view of power. At the same time, Foucault's power theory also puts forward a new type of freedom practice theory of freedom within power. This paper explains Foucault's basic theoretical hypothesis of power, recognizes the breakthrough of his power theory to modern power theory, and points out the enlightening significance of his theory to modern political theory.
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Marcuses Sensibility Philosophy and Its Liberation Logic
Ouyang Qian,Jia Liyan
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Historical Materialism and Contemporary Cultural Issues
Ouyang Qian
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Theoretical Construction of Cultural Materialism and Its Significance
OUYANG Qian
Teaching and Research 2010, (
12
): 72-79.
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1557
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In the modern setting of social development the fundamental function of culture is becoming prominent.At the time of mass consumption,culture penetrates into economic and political activities of the society.Then,how should culture be properly defined? How to understand the complicated relation between culture and society? How to tackle the dynamic function of culture in social reforms? How to interpret the practical significance of mass culture and political practice? All these questions present important theoretical issues that await Marxist theorists who are concerned with the reality of social reforms.Thus,the exploration into construction and perfection of Marxist theory of culture points to the basic direction in the development of Marxism in the modern era.This paper aims at analyzing "cultural materialism" proposed by Raymond Williams,a British leftist theorist,and discussing its theoretical construction and significance.The author holds that not only is cultural materialism a response to the practical issues in social development of the modern time,but it has also profoundly expanded Marxist theory of culture to a certain extent.
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Marxists and "Cultural Studies"
OUYANG Qian
Teaching and Research 2009, (
12
): 67-74.
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1176
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Considering the changes in the British society and the situation of the working class after World War II,the new left-wing theorists in Great Britain explored the "working class culture",the "mass culture",the "sub-culture of the youth",the "consumer culture" and social problems concerning class,race,and gender.They proposed a series of new concepts such as "cultural practice","cultural production",and "cultural politics" in discussing the structural,multi-dimensional,overlapping,,contradictory and complex characteristics of historical development.The reason for them to devote great efforts to cultural studies was to overcome the problem of "economic determinism" in order to establish a type of generalized "cultural Marxism".Through the cross-disciplinary "cultural studies" they intended to set up a theoretical paradigm of "cultural historical materialism" to link Marxist theories with practice.This article attempts to analyze the theories and basic ideas of the "cultural studies" and present a review of "cultural Marxism" as well.
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On the Theoretical Position of Marxist Conception of Civilization and Harmony
YANG Qian
Teaching and Research 2008, (
5
): 21-27.
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1100
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Marxist conception of civilizaiton stands out because it has surpassed its contemporary theories by developing the positive elements and discarding the negative elements of them,and thus surpassed both these theories and theories after it,taking the lead in the historical course of harmonious progress of human civilization.Marxist conception of civilization has acquired this position because it has solved the problems of the internal tension of relations of material and spirit,science,technology and humanity,man and nature,and man and society.That Marxist conception of civilizationt is able to achieve this is due to its nature of historical materialism,its thoroughly revolutionary character,and its unique character of practice.Marxist conception of civilized harmony has arisen in the modern time,but from the perspective of human cognition history,it belongs to the the contemporary and the future,pointing to a practical path to harmonious development of human civilization.
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A Review of Chinese Researches on Stock Market Bubbles
LI Shi-yin, YANG Qian
Teaching and Research 2007, (
12
): 80-85.
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1266
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Based on the recent theoretical and empirical contributions in the bubble research,many Chinese researchers have been devoted to the bubble examination for the Chinese stock market.However,it is concerned that the research just started with weak theoretical inferences and insufficient empirical evidences,which stop the research stepping forward to explain the real-world behaviors in stock markets.This paper is dedicated to reviewing the literatures on bubble studies in the Chinese academia with the purpose of expanding the study horizon on bubbles in China.
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On Philosophy in Contemporary France and "the New Enlightenment Movement"
OUYANG Qian
Teaching and Research 2007, (
12
): 59-65.
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1136
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A wave of New Enlightenment Movement has arisen among the academics in France.It advocates de-subjectivity and decentralization to condemn modern philosophical ideas of rational supremacy and human-centeredness.It proposes a multi-cultural conception that treasures social justice.What the French philosophers have long been in pursuit of from structuralism to post-structuralism,and then from deconstructionism to post-modernism,has been enlightenment of enlightenment aimed at reflection and criticism of the modernist principles introduced since the enlightenment movement.The focuses of discussion include such topics as end of philosophy,demise of subjectivity,criticism of modernity,ethics of others,and body politics.The cultural reflection and the theoretical controversies advocated in this are of important academic and ideological significance.
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A Review of Researches abroad on the Foam in the Stock Market
LI Shi-yin, YANG Qian
Teaching and Research 2006, (
9
): 83-88.
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1169
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Twenty years of research on ineffective of marketing has resulted in two major sub-theories,namely,the school of rational foam and behaviorist finance.The behaviorist finance is still considered the basic theoretical foundation of ineffective marketing.However,the author maintains that the primary research topics of ineffective marketing theory are justification,estimation and explanation of the foam.Only with the establishment of a well-grounded theory of foam with sufficient evidence can the ineffective marketing theory challenge the effective marketing theory,and in turn,lend theoretical support for researches on marketing behaviors.
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Existentialism and Marxism—— On Sartre’s Theoretical Integration
OUYANG Qian
Teaching and Research 2006, (
1
): 72-79.
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1588
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Sartre’s attempt of integration between Marxism and existentialism leaves to us precious ideological resources.In order to discover "the truth about man",existentialism emphasizes the consciousness while Marxism emphasizes historical practice.The former is supported by ontology in phenomenology while the latter is based on evidence from material dialectics.As a result,the former discovered "absolute liberty" of individuals,while the latter discovered the class oppression in the society.Sartre introduced the concepts of "individual practice","practico-inert","scarcity","holistic" with the intention to establish an active and historical framework.Nevertheless, deep in his thought he stuck to phenomenology and existentialism.Consequently his thought was not stable marked by hesitations over ambiguous ideas.
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The Human-oriented Development Concept and Marxist Philosophy
YANG Qian
Teaching and Research 2005, (
6
): 40-45.
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1215
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Having experienced the material-oriented stage, the concept of development is now at the human-oriented stage and considers the maximum human development to be the essential value and the ultimate aim of social development. The philosophical support of this concept lies in Marxist historical materialism. To understand this idea it is necessary to acquire a thorough and precise understanding of the point of departure of historical materialism and a thorough and precise understanding of the double significance of human activities of material production.
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The Man Who Keeps Watch at Night for Marxism:L. Althusser’s Interpretation
OUYANG Qian
Teaching and Research 2005, (
1
): 6-12.
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1422
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Althusser,a man who willing“kept watch at night”for Marxism,went out of his wayto re-interpret Marxist theories with the intention of drawing a clear cut-off line between Marxismand non-Marxism,and to sticking to the scientific characteristics of Marxism.“Return to Marx”,as he put it,or rather,“return to Marx in his mature years”,is the logical guideline for his theo-retical interpretation.The author holds that Althusser’s theoretical interpretation is heavily influencedby such fashion as structuralism and psychoanalysis.Therefore,in his new interpretation Marx uncon-sciously became a structuralist who appeared to be theoretically anti-humanism.With Althusser’s newmethod and concept,Marx is taking on a new look.The author points out that this is a preciousfresh idea in the studies of Marx,and has shed light on development of Marxism.
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Marxist Philosophical Conception of Matter and Modern Natural Science
YAN Meng-wei, YANG Qian
Teaching and Research 2001, (
9
): 9-15.
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1195
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Achievements of modern physics involves several issues concerning philosophical conception of matter. First, what man can understand in relation to objectivity and knowability of matter is interaction of objects within the practice-field. Out of the practice-field it does not make sense to talk about whether the nature of objects is knowable. Second, with regard to unlimitedness and limitedness of the material world, the philosophical outlook of the universe differs from that of the natural science. In terms of the determinism and non determinism, statistic character of quantum mechanics does not indicate that the world is fundamentally statistical or of non determinism, but rather, it simply indicates that the interaction among objects is unity of the inevitable and the accidental. As for the question of evolution and degeneration from the perspective of the unlimitedness of the universe, neither evolution nor development should be viewed as the sole nature of the material world. The material world, on the whole, can only be seen as unity of evolution and degeneration.
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The Epistemology Turn of Postmodernism
Ouyang Qian
Teaching and Research 1996, (
3
): 70-75,80.
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1145
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It is an essential character of postmodernism that it discloses the deep crisis ofmodernism from the epistemological dimension, and puts forth the postmodernism epistemology. Lyotard’s postmodern epistemology exhibits clearly the epistemological turnof postmodernism. Having explained the condition of knowledge and its functionalchange in postmodern society, he critizes the principle of unity as the kernel of modernism, and establishes the principle of diversity as the kernel of postmodernism. Fromhis logic we can find how postmodernism answers the cultural crisis of contemporarysociety.
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The Rise of Postmodern Thoughts
Ouyang Qian
Teaching and Research 1996, (
1
): 53-58,81.
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1036
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The Postmodern Thoughts came into being with the discussions on problems of the modern society,pushing the anti-tradition spirit of modernism to an extreme. The cultural theories and philosophical ideas of postmodernism reject and dissect every aspect of existing ideas. While facing transformation of the modern science and technology and that of the society and the culture,postmodernists try to re-interpret the world. But their interpretation is one-sided.
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