Abstract: From finding himself in “the embarrassing position of having to discuss” to “dispel the doubts assailing me” is an important issue in the formation of Marx's theory, as well as in the transformation of his theoretical and political positions. It is a multifaceted problem and, as a result, has also caused some debate. “The embarrassing position of having to discuss what is known as material interests” was initially addressed in the Marx's Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right, while the solution of the “general problem” continued until Marx obtained the “general result”. Clarifying the above questions will help deeply understand the practical logic of Marx's turn to communism.

Key words: material interests, doubts, political economy, communism

摘要： 对物质利益发表意见的“难事”和马克思的“苦恼疑问”及其解决，是马克思思想形成、理论立场和政治立场转变的一个重要问题。这个问题具有多方面的内容，因此也引起了一些争论。关于物质利益的难事在《黑格尔法哲学批判》中得到了初步的解决，而“总问题”的解决一直持续到马克思获得了“总的结果”之后才完成。澄清上述问题，将有利于深入理解马克思转向共产主义的实践逻辑。

关键词: 物质利益, 苦恼疑问, 政治经济学, 共产主义