Abstract: Adhering to the “peoplefirst” principle is the important historical experience of the Communist Party of China over the past century. The effectiveness of national governance is closely related to the adherence to the “peoplefirst” principle. To improve the effectiveness of national governance, we should focus on developing the wholeprocess peoples democracy that gives full expression to the peoples principal position in governance, and constructing the institutional foundation of national governance with the people as the center. The main logical paths of adhering to “peoplefirst principle” to improve governance effectiveness are as follows: respecting the dominant position of the people and expanding its participation in governance; putting the peoples interests first and promoting fairness in governance; remediating the pertinacious problems and optimizing the environment for governance; and improving political credibility and gathering joint effort in all areas of governance.

Key words: national governance, effectiveness improvement, adherence to the “people-first” principle

摘要： 坚持人民至上是中国共产党百年奋斗的重要的历史经验之一。国家治理效能与坚持人民至上有着紧密的逻辑关联。提升国家治理效能，重在发展保证人民治理主体地位的全过程人民民主体系，并以人民为中心形塑国家治理的制度基础。坚守人民性以提升治理效能的逻辑理路主要有：尊重人民主体地位，扩大治理参与；坚持人民利益至上，推进治理公平；着力整治顽瘴痼疾，优化治理环境；加强政治信任建设，汇聚治理力量。

关键词: 国家治理, 效能提升, 坚持人民至上