Abstract: Against the backdrop of major changes unseen in a century and the transformation of Chinas economic development, developing new quality productive forces has become a core approach to breaking through growth bottlenecks and reshaping competitive advantages. However, involutionstyle competition, as a prominent problem in the current economic landscape, has constrained the development of new quality productive forces, making its governance increasingly urgent and practically significant. The root cause of involutionstyle competition is the external manifestation of the profitseeking nature of capital under the condition where “the relations of production are not adapted to the productive forces, and the superstructure is not adapted to the economic base”. It constrains the development of new quality productive forces by hindering technological innovation, distorting factor allocation, and restricting industrial transformation. Accordingly, we should leverage scientific and technological innovation to help reshape competitive advantages, optimize competitive efficiency through the innovative allocation of production factors, achieve industrial synergy through deep industrial transformation, expand competitive market space by building a strong domestic market, and improve the competitive environment by enhancing macrolevel governance effectiveness. These will help overcome the constraining effect of “involutionstyle” competition on the development of new quality productive forces, continuously cultivate and develop them, and contribute to highquality economic development.

Key words: involution-style competition, new quality productive forces, scientific and technological innovation, allocation of factors, macroeconomic governance

摘要： 在百年未有之大变局和中国经济发展转型的双重背景下，发展新质生产力已成为突破增长瓶颈、重塑竞争优势的核心路径，而“内卷式”竞争作为当前经济领域的突出问题对新质生产力发展形成掣肘，其治理紧迫性与现实意义日益凸显。“内卷式”竞争产生的根源是资本逐利本性在“生产关系不适应生产力、上层建筑不适应经济基础”的条件下的外在表现，其通过阻碍技术创新、扭曲要素配置、制约产业转型对新质生产力发展形成了掣肘效应。据此，应以科技创新为导向助力竞争的优势重塑、以生产要素创新性配置为抓手促进竞争的效率优化、以产业深度转型为载体实现竞争的产业协同、以强大国内市场建设为依托拓展竞争的市场空间、以宏观治理效能提升为保障促进竞争的环境改善，破解“内卷式”竞争对发展新质生产力的掣肘效应，不断培育与发展新质生产力，助力经济高质量发展。

关键词: “内卷式”竞争；新质生产力；科技创新；要素配置；宏观经济治理