Abstract: In the process of advancing the Chinese path to modernization, “involution” represents an external manifestation of the alienation arising from the profitseeking nature of capital, which evolves dynamically in production, distribution, and consumption. At the same time, “involutionstyle” competition has become a significant problem that constrains highquality economic development and social innovation. Based on the analytical framework of Marxist political economy, the duality of socialist capital provides a theoretical support and institutional premise for combating “involutionstyle” competition. Exploring the issues of “involution” and antiinvolution in the modernization process from the perspective of socialist capital theory, and clarifying their underlying logic and governance approaches, can not only provide a theoretical foundation for guiding the sound development of capital and promoting a unified national market, but also help achieve a profound reconstruction of the logic of modernization toward innovationdriven highquality development. To comprehensively address “involutionstyle” competition in the course of Chinese modernization, it is necessary to facilitate the free flow of production factors and build a unified national market, uphold scientific and technological innovation to develop new quality productive forces, coordinate development and security to achieve highstandard opening up, and adhere to the socialist orientation to guide the healthy and orderly development of all types of capital.

Key words: socialist capital, anti-involution, the Chinese path to modernization, Marxist political economy

摘要： 在推进中国式现代化进程中，“内卷化”是由资本逐利本性产生的异化在生产、分配与消费等过程中动态发展的外在表现。同时，“内卷式”竞争已成为当前制约经济高质量发展和社会创新的一个突出问题。基于马克思主义政治经济学分析框架，立足社会主义资本的二重性，可为反对“内卷式”竞争提供理论支点和制度前提。在社会主义资本理论视域下探赜现代化进程中的“内卷”与反“内卷”命题，厘清其底层逻辑、研究治理路径，不仅可以为引导资本健康发展和推进全国统一大市场提供理论基础，也能实现对现代化发展逻辑的深度重构，进而导向创新为核心的高质量发展。在中国式现代化进程中综合整治“内卷式”竞争，需要畅通要素流动，构建全国统一大市场；坚持科技创新，发展新质生产力；统筹发展与安全，实现高水平对外开放；坚持社会主义发展方向，引导各类资本健康、有序发展。

关键词: 社会主义资本, 反“内卷”, 中国式现代化, 马克思主义政治经济学