Abstract: Improving the layout of the state-owned sector and adjusting its structure by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) within the framework of the socialist market economy represent a significant theoretical innovation rooted in Chinas practical experience, as well as a major practical endeavor aimed at achieving highquality development in this new era. Building upon Marxist industrial and public ownership theories, and drawing from the CPC Central Committees ongoing exploration and refinement of the implementation of public ownership, this paper elucidates that improving the layout of the stateowned sector and adjusting its structure are an organic amalgamation of the spontaneous, dynamic optimization of industrial development and the proactive governmental coordination of layout of productive forces. With the continuous deepening of the CPC Central Committees understanding of the laws governing the socialist market economy, moves to realize stateowned economy have been constantly enriched and improved, progressing through three phases of “accumulation and expansion”, “strategic adjustment of its layout and structure”, and “layout improvement and structural adjustment”. The transition of the development goals and directions of the stateowned sector, from being planned, to being guided the market and industrial policy, and finally to being “marketoriented and enterpriseoriented”, is a vivid portrayal of how theory and policy support and complement each other. In addressing issues such as the evident imbalance in the industrial distribution of the stateowned economy and the lack of coordination in its industrial structure in the new era, it is imperative to ground practice in the theory of the socialist market economy, adhere to a peoplecentered approach, and strive for highquality development as the ultimate goal.

Key words: state-owned economy, layout improvement, structural adjustment, evolutionary logic

摘要： 社会主义市场经济条件下党中央对国有经济进行布局优化和结构调整，不仅是立足中国实践所作的一项重大理论创造，也是新征程实现高质量发展的重大实践探索。本文在马克思主义产业思想和公有制思想基础上，结合党中央对公有制实现形式的不断探索与完善，明晰了国有经济布局优化和结构调整是产业发展的自发动态优化和政府协调生产力布局的主动选择的有机结合。伴随着党中央对社会主义市场经济规律认识的不断深化，国有经济的实现形式也在不断丰富与完善，国有经济历经了“积累与扩张时期——布局和结构的战略性调整时期——布局优化和结构调整时期”三个阶段，实现了“以计划目标为主——以市场和产业政策为主——以市场为导向、以企业为主体”的目标导向的转变，这是理论与政策互为助力、相辅相成的生动写照。针对新征程上国有经济产业布局非均衡性明显、产业结构不协调等问题，应以社会主义市场经济理论为实践依据，以人民为中心为实践价值，以高质量发展为实践目标。

关键词: 国有经济, 布局优化, 结构调整, 演化逻辑