Abstract: The state theory is a common focus of research on Chinese socialist political economy in recent years, and the current studies can be divided into three categories from a problemconscious perspective: the reasons for incorporating the state theory into the theoretical system of Chinese socialist political economy; how to incorporate the state theory into the theoretical system of Chinese socialist political economy; and the manifestation of the importance of the state in other theoretical systems. According to the scope and extent of the role of the state in economic activities, the theory of the state in economics can be roughly divided into the following four types of explanatory logics: liberal economics, public economics, the developmental state, and new institutional economics. Compared with the above explanatory logics, the understanding of the economic function of the state in Marxist state theory is rooted in its class theory that the state is the product of irreconcilable class contradictions in origin and a tool of class rule in nature, and the economic function of the state is first manifested as the requirements of class attributes. The role of the “state” in Chinese socialist political economy precedes that of the “market” in logical order, and the “state” should be used to explain the “market” in interpretation; besides, there exists an internal dialectical relationship between the “state” and the “market”.

Key words: state theory, Chinese socialist political economy, Marxism

摘要： 国家理论是中国社会主义政治经济学近年来研究的一个普遍关注点，目前的研究可以从问题意识的角度分为三种类型：将国家理论纳入中国社会主义政治经济学理论体系的原因；如何将国家理论纳入中国社会主义政治经济学理论体系中；国家重要性在其他理论体系中的体现。按照国家在经济活动中作用范围和程度的不同，经济学中的国家理论可大致分为以下四种阐释逻辑：自由主义经济学、公共经济学、发展型国家以及新制度经济学。与这几种阐释逻辑相比较，马克思主义的国家理论对国家经济功能的理解根植于其阶级理论，国家在起源上是阶级矛盾不可调和的产物，在性质上是维护阶级统治的工具，国家的经济功能首先表现为阶级属性的要求。中国社会主义政治经济学中的“国家”角色，在逻辑顺序上先在于“市场”，在阐释路径上要用“国家”去解释“市场”，同时，“国家”与“市场”又有着内在的辩证关系。

关键词: 国家理论, 中国社会主义政治经济学, 马克思主义