Abstract: Western European communist parties have continued to decline since the Cold War, and have fallen into a marginalized situation in many countries. All parties are still struggling to explore the road to revitalize socialism in the 21st century despite the adversity, carry out an overall peaceful “weak resistance” against the current political system and government internally, and bring China's vision in alignment with their goals externally. Though some parties have achieved a few results in some specific areas and levels, their overall goals have not been achieved. The main cause lies in the constraints of the objective environment, and there are also many major problems in the subjective aspect. The communist parties of Western Europe will be at a low ebb for a long time with no hope of recovery in the near future.

Key words: the exploration of the communist parties of Western Europe, decline, cause, prospect 

摘要： 西欧共产党自冷战后以来持续衰落，在多国陷入边缘化境地，具体境遇存在一定差异。各党仍在逆境下继续艰难探索21世纪社会主义的重振之路，对现行体制和政府开展总体和平式的“弱度抗争”，对外方面纳入中国视野。部分党在一些具体领域、层面取得少许成效，但总体目标并未实现，其客观环境的制约是主因，主观方面也存在不少重大难题。西欧共产党在未来较长时间内还将处于低潮，其重振宏愿仍任重道远。

关键词: 西欧共产党探索, 衰落情况, 成因, 前景