Abstract:

Neoimperialism is a special development form of monopoly capitalism under the condition of global financialization. In terms of time span, neoimperialism was born in the 1970s and 1980s, initially formed in the early 1990s, developed to its peak at the turn of the century, and began to decline after 2008. Neoimperialism is not only a capitalism dominated by global monopoly, high degree of financial virtualization and neoliberalism, but also an American imperialism dominated by “one superpower and many powers”. The capital accumulation and economic cycle of neoimperialism are based on high debt, fictitious economy and overdraft consumption. These are highly dependent on the monetary and financial system centered on the US dollar, so the ties that maintain its capital circulation will become extremely fragile with the decline of the US comprehensive strength and the excessive loss of its national credit. The global spread of novel coronavirus pneumonia in 2020 has once again exposed the systematic defects of the capitalist governance system. The epidemic will certainly inspire people to reflect on the neoliberalism and the existing global governance order. With the accelerated decline of the hegemonic order of the United States and the growth of socialism with Chinese characteristics, the historical process of the great changes in a century will be accelerated.

Key words: neoimperialism, global monopoly, financialization, neoliberalism, accelerated decline

摘要： 新帝国主义是全球化金融化条件下垄断资本主义的特殊发展形态。从时间跨度看，新帝国主义孕育于20世纪七八十年代，90年代初初步成型，世纪之交达到巅峰，2008年后开始走向衰落。新帝国主义既是全球性垄断、高度金融化虚拟化、新自由主义主导的资本主义，也是“一超独霸、多强拱卫”的美国帝国主义。新帝国主义的资本积累和经济循环建立在高负债、虚拟经济和透支消费的基础上，而这些又高度依赖以美元为中心的货币金融体系，因而维系其资本循环的纽带，必定会随着美国综合实力的衰退及其国家信用的过度损耗而变得异常脆弱。2020年新冠肺炎的全球蔓延，再次暴露了资本主义治理体系的系统性缺陷，疫情过后人们必定会对新自由主义和现行全球治理秩序进行更加全面深刻的反思。随着美国霸权秩序的加速衰落和中国特色社会主义的壮大，百年大变局的历史进程将会加快。

关键词: 新帝国主义, 全球性垄断, 金融化, 新自由主义, 加速衰落