Abstract: Only by taking the Confucian concept of model education as the starting point, can we deeply understand the ideological and political education in ancient social governance. In the multidimensional interpretation of Confucianism, the essence of enlightenment is model enlightenment, and its main manifestation is demonstration by example. In its essence, model education is a complex concept related to social governance thought and practice. As a “direct demonstration” model education has the characteristics of hierarchical authoritative demonstration, and its rich inner meaning has reached a high degree of conformity with the goal connotation of social governance, which has become the inner meaning of Confucian social governance thought. As an “indirect demonstration”, the Confucian role model image has moved from classics to life, reappeared and deduced in the ancient social governance practice with social enlightenment activities as an important symbol, thus promoting the smooth realization of the goal of social enlightenment. From the perspective of modern transformation, the abovementioned resources provide a useful reference for the theoretical construction and practical development of modern ideological and political education.

Key words: model education, ancient social governance, ideological and political education, authoritative demonstration, socialization shift

摘要： 以儒家意义上的榜样教化概念为切入点，才可以深入理解古代社会治理中的思想政治教育。在儒家多向度的阐释中，教化的本旨即榜样教化，其主要表现形态是身教示范。究其实质，榜样教化是一个关乎社会治理思想与实践的复杂性概念。作为“直接示范”的榜样教化具有层级式的权威示范之特质，其丰富的内在意蕴与社会治理的目标内涵达成了高度契合，由此成为儒家社会治理思想的内中之义。作为“间接示范”的儒家榜样形象则从经典走向了生活，在以社会教化活动为重要标志的古代社会治理实践中得以再现与演绎，由此在社会化转向过程中推动了社会教化目标的顺利实现。在现代转化的视阈下，上述资源为现代思想政治教育的理论建构与实践开展提供了有益的借鉴。

关键词: 榜样教化, 古代社会治理, 思想政治教育, 权威示范, 社会化转向