关键词: 数据所有权, 马克思主义, 数字经济, 所有权结构

Abstract: The special nature of data as a factor of production and its importance in the digital economy have gradually attracted attention from all walks of life, but its ownership is still unclear. At present, the data in the Internet space are owned by the corresponding enterprises by default, which has led to many social problems. Combining the unique attributes of data with the social status quo of some private data, this paper proposes a model of data ownership structure from a Marxist perspective: the original data are classified and protected, the data infrastructure is publicly owned as a means of production, and data products are owned by all workers as labor products. We can refer to the different development stages of land ownership in the transformation of data ownership, in which the common ownership of the means of production by all laborers can be realized. China's practical experience on ownership issues will help to explore a data ownership structure that is more feasible and sustainable, and contribute Chinese wisdom and solutions to global data governance.

Key words: data ownership, Marxism, digital economy, ownership structure