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15 February 2013, Volume 47 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Theoretical Relation of Marx and Fichte from the Viewpoint of “Sensible World” YAN Meng-Wei 2013, 47 (2):  5-13.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1581KB) ( )   Marx's interpretation of “sensible world” has very important and exclusive significance for us to understand the ontological connotation of Marxist philosophy. Kant and Fichte had made distinctive explanations of the sensible world respectively before Marx. Fichte regarded the sensible world as a “non-self” world set by “self”. He confirmed the duality nature of human existence on the ground of the “pure activity” of “pure ego”, and held that human existence would inevitably meet the dual world, i.e. the sensible world as an experiential world and the supersensible world as the moral order. But Fichte believed that man as a rational and dynamic “ego” could combine the two worlds. In other words, man could establish the moral order of the supersensible world within the sensible world. Marx criticized Fichte's philosophy and reformed on Fichte's theory. He regarded the sensible world as a world based on sensible activities of human beings. Marx's theory was grounded on the dynamic and sensible human activities with evidence from human existence and objects of human activities.   Related Articles | Metrics

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Employment Equality and Realization of Employment Equality under the Socialist Market Economic System RONG Zhao-Zi 2013, 47 (2):  14-21.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1589KB) ( )   Employment equality reflects the universal values born in market economy and shows the institutional regulations throughout the process of social production. However, only under the circumstances of socialist system can it obtain a leading position in the social value system and in the basic economic relations. The relation between employment equality and the reality of socialist economy it reflects is both contradictory and united. Although full employment equality cannot be realized in socialism, its degree of realization can be raised. Raising the degree of employment equality under circumstances of socialist market economy is a hard and complicated task. On the one hand, coexistence of employment equality and other market equality principles leads to a particular phenomenon of superimposed equalities. On the other hand, employment equality within the enterprise and employment equality in the whole society are distinguished from one another and related to each other, resulting in the special phenomenon of dynamic interactions between them. The paper concludes that higher degree of employment equality in the whole society can be realized under circumstances of market economy if public ownership is the leading economic system.    Related Articles | Metrics

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On the Logical Starting Point and Basic Category of Scientific Socialism ——A Review of Studies on Socialism and New Progress in Discipline Development WANG Huai-Chao，Niu-Xian-Feng 2013, 47 (2):  22-30.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1764KB) ( )   Any scientific theoretical system should have a basic category as its logical starting point, which is the first basic category for construction of the theoretical system. For a long time the academic circle has not attended to the logical starting point of scientific socialism, nor has the concept of logical starting point of scientific socialism been raised. However, this does not mean that scientific socialism has no logical starting point. The paper identifies two stages in studies by Chinese scholars on the logical starting point of scientific socialism since the new era. Studies in the first stage contained no definite conceptions. The major themes include socialization of the capitalist production as the starting point, contradictions of capitalism as the starting point, historical inevitability as the starting point, and Utopian socialism as the starting point. During the second stage clearly defined conceptions were proposed. Major themes include the labor alienation theory as the starting point and socialization of large-scale production as the starting point. Systematic interpretation of the basic categories involved in theoretical discussions and teaching materials are also presented.   Related Articles | Metrics

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Scientific Sublation of the Populist Ejido Thought by Marx and Engels ZHANG Yun-Fei， Yuan-Lei 2013, 47 (2):  31-38.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1633KB) ( )   Marx and Engels had complicated relations with their contemporary populists in the ideological origins concerning the issue of Ejido. The populists respected people's dominant position, explored the development path suitable for the situation of their own country, and attempted to take a non-capitalist path. These ideas were of very important significance, and had exerted some influence on Marx and Engels in their studies of the Russian Ejido and the Russian development course. But the populists believed that Russian peasants could rely on themselves to establish socialism on the basis of the Ejido. Thus, they were trapped in metaphysics and fantasies and were unable to develop. Marx and Engels resorted to historical materialist dialectics in scientific critique of the populists 'ideas with the world history and the overall proletarian revolution as the point of departure, and went beyond the populist ideas. Based on focused analyses of specific issues, Marx and Engels proposed a set of scientific hypotheses about the Russian Ejido and the development course of Russia.  Related Articles | Metrics

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The European Debt Crisis: The Predicament of Contemporary Financial Capitalist System KUAI Zheng-Ming-1，WANG Yu-2 2013, 47 (2):  39-46.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1728KB) ( )   The European debt crisis is the inevitable result of the development of capitalist system at the stage of financial capitalism. It reflects the dilemma the capitalist system faces at that stage. This dilemma is composed of the following aspects: differentiation of the middle classes and their slipping to the lowincome strata, which has shaken the social stability of capitalism; the narrowed space for capitalist economic system to pass on crisis, making it hard to accumulate capital; the loss of the sacred “aura” of the liberal and democratic western capitalist system, leading the capitalist system into the plight of political legitimacy. All this makes the basic contradictions of capitalist system more remarkably irreconcilable.    Related Articles | Metrics

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Can Reputation Be Traded? ——a New Research Direction of the Reputation Theory LI Jun-Lin，YAO Dong-Min 2013, 47 (2):  47-54.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1539KB) ( )   Traditional reputation theory explains the phenomenon of cooperation equilibrium through repeated games. But this theory has been challenged in two ways: First, it cannot explain reputation in a one shot game; Secondly, this model often contains multiple equilibria, making it hard to respond to questions from the model exogenous assumption about the choice of equilibrium. The tradable reputation model can address these challenges. It explains that “even in a one shot framework the seller is well motivated to maintain good reputation”, a seemingly simple fact that the multiple game theory cannot explain. The tradable reputation model assigns cooperation the only equilibrium in the model and thus avoids troubles from multiple equilibriums. This article attempts to sort out the development of the tradable reputation theory, discuss how it ensures the cooperation equilibrium in a short term (even in one shot cooperation), and how it functions as a exist mechanism to restrain immoral behavior of the seller in the last transaction. Related Articles | Metrics

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On International Institutions and Domestic Politics from the Perspective of Constructivism: Progress and Problem TIAN Ye 2013, 47 (2):  55-62.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1526KB) ( )   Constructivists have proposed models with different causal mechanism to explore the impact of international institutions on domestic politics according to the “appropriate logic” and “debate logic”. The organizational convergence model focuses on the teaching role of international organizations, the social learning model highlights the learning of the persuadee, and the cultural matching model pays more attention to localization of foreign norms. However, these constructivist models fail to effectively explain the strategic application of international institutions by domestic actors in the context of multiple preferences. In addition, these models neglect the coercive diffusion of international norms and the relative stability of preferences. The paper concludes that collaboration of constructivism and rationalism might function as competing paradigms and complementary approaches in order to solve some of the problems mentioned above.   Related Articles | Metrics

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Realist Constructivism from the Viewpoint of Bridging Theories WANG Zhi，NI Shi-Xiong 2013, 47 (2):  63-69.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1326KB) ( )   Realist constructivism is a new theory of international relations. But what it really means remains controversial. Some scholars define it as a differentiation of internal research program of constructivism and thus weaken its implications in integrating theories of international relations. Other scholars define it as an independent theory used to analyze non-transcendence of power in international politics and social construction. This view narrows the research contents of realist constructivism. From the perspective of bridging, realist constructivism contains both classical realism and constructivism. It analyzes the function of power in international politics and the dialectic relation of power and morality. In this sense, it helps to promote a transfer from emphasizing epistemology to giving equal status to ontology and epistemology in researches of international relations. It also contributes to further syncretizing theories of international relations. Related Articles | Metrics

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Constructing the Normative Basis of Immorality of Exploitation and Criticizing the Contemporary Liberal Theory of Justice ——Two Basic Paths for Marxists to Turn to Political Philosophy LI Yang 2013, 47 (2):  70-76.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1388KB) ( )   In order to demonstrate the moral superiority of socialism to capitalism, analytical Marxists turned to political philosophy by constructing the normative basis for the immorality of exploitation and criticizing contemporary liberal theories of justice. Their critique of capitalism and defense of socialism from the normative point of view not only reminds us of reflecting on the long term negligence of traditional Marxism in moral discourses such as equality and justice, but also provides us with insights in constructing Marxist political philosophy, a theme which domestic researchers have focused on. However, Marxist political philosophy should distinguish itself in aspects of the basic paradigm, methodology and discourse system before it can transcend the limitations of analytical Marxist political philosophy. Related Articles | Metrics

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A Review of Researches on Early Dissemination of Marxism in China since the 21st Century ZHAO Fu-Ke-1， Ji-Zheng-Ju-2 2013, 47 (2):  77-85.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1886KB) ( )   Since the 21st century, great accomplishment has been achieved in studies of the early dissemination of Marxism in China. Major themes of these researches are as follows: the principal part, the medium, the channel and characters of the early dissemination of Marxism in China; early dissemination of Marxism in different regions of China; early dissemination of “The Manifesto of the Communist Party” in China; the three debates and the early dissemination of Marxism in China and so on. This paper offers a brief review of the major findings of these researches with reflections on how to reinforce these themes in further researches. Related Articles | Metrics

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A Review of Studies on China's Participation in International Systems FAN Xiao-Ying 2013, 47 (2):  86-94.  DOI: Abstract ( )   PDF (1885KB) ( )   In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars showed increasing attention to the issue of “Chinas participation in international systems” and many significant researches have appeared. The literature covers various topics about China's participation in international systems, including its historical process, guiding ideology, overall effects; negative factors, strategic policies and future roles. These researches contribute to the academic progress and diplomatic practice. However, the current research remains to be improved and the academia should further enhance studies on the problem of China's participation in international systems with wider vision, appropriate method and accurate insight.   Related Articles | Metrics