Green transition is a key path for the EU to ensure energy security and lowcarbon industrial transition and cope with climate change. It is also a major initiative to achieve and enhance the EUs autonomy. Over a long period of time, the EU has expected to further coordinate policies in the field of green development through green transition, combine the acceleration of the layout of netzero industries with the promotion of industrial competition, lead the global consensus on green development, and shape “green hegemony” in terms of the rule, technology and industry. However, against the background of intensified competition among major powers, the EUs green transition faces many economic, environmental, technological and geopolitical challenges: it is difficult to achieve a balance between the priority of green transition and energy security, to disseminate green norms within the EU and throughout the global community, and to achieve energy independence in the short term. In general, the green transition of the EU presents a complex and interwoven landscape dominated by security logic, market logic and normative logic, which is characterized by dynamic bargaining and undulating development with twists and turns.
