Abstract: Through the inspection of the theory of excessive competition, we can see that the root of the error of it lies in the abandonment of the theory of labor value. On the one hand, it makes Brenner unable to correctly understand the law of the tendency of the rate of profit to fall, so he has to take competition as the starting point of analysis, reverse the relationship between the decline of profit rate and competition, and ignore the transformation of capitalism from free competition to monopoly, as well as the diversity of competition strategies among capitals in the monopoly stage. On the other hand, this makes the theory of excessive competition limited to the distribution level to find the reasons for the decline of profit rate, and ascribes the decline of general profit rate to the increase of real wages caused by excessive competition among capitals. The paradigm of its theoretical framework is from Adam Smith based on Ricardian, while the paradigm of its empirical analysis is from Adam Smith. The reason of the declining trend of profit rate lies in the relative decreasing trend of surplus value production, and the law of the tendency of the rate of profit to fall is its theoretical expression. The law of the tendency of the rate of profit to fall is rooted in the fact that capital depends on the exploitation of living labor, but the way of exploitation tries to reduce living labor to the minimum.

Key words: excessive competition, profit rate, labor productivity, monopoly

摘要： 本文基于马克思主义的视角对过度竞争论进行检视可知：过度竞争论的错误根源在于放弃了劳动价值论。一方面，这使得布伦纳无法正确理解利润率趋向下降规律，只得把竞争作为分析的出发点，颠倒了利润率下降与竞争间的关系，忽视了资本主义由自由竞争向垄断的阶段性转变，以及在垄断阶段资本间竞争策略的多样性。另一方面，这使得过度竞争论只能局限在分配层面寻找利润率下降的原因，将一般利润率下降归因于由资本间过度竞争引起的实际工资的提高。过度竞争论的理论框架是依赖李嘉图主义的斯密主义，经验分析则是彻底的斯密主义。利润率长期下降的实质是剩余价值生产相对于总资本的趋向减少，利润率趋向下降规律是其理论表述。利润率趋向下降规律根植于资本依赖于对活劳动的剥削，但剥削方式又竭力将活劳动减少到最低限度的矛盾中。

关键词: 过度竞争, 利润率, 劳动生产率, 垄断