Abstract:

This paper holds that Huawei ESOP is an important innovation of its enterprise system, which gradually changes the production and distribution relations in the process of operation. Firstly, although Huawei enterprises are private enterprises in the legal sense, they are not public enterprises in the fundamental characteristics, but they make the ownership of enterprises have some characteristics of collective ownership and cooperative production relations and development trends through the form of virtual equity held by employees. Secondly, in the aspect of distribution relationship, because the nature of private enterprises is not distribution according to work, but it is not a pure way of distribution according to labor value elements, but has the characteristics of sharing system, that is, employees share most of the surplus value they create by virtue of virtual equity, and the quantitative basis of distribution is according to their labor contribution to the enterprise. And further analysis of the changes in the economic relations of Huawei enterprises for the formation of labor collective force and innovation is an important influence, and also analyze the coexistence of nonpublic economy and nondistribution according to work in the process of socialist economic development in China under the condition that the fundamental economic system of public ownership remains unchanged. As well as the factors of socialist public ownership and distribution according to work generated within nonpublic enterprises, have practical value for the innovation of the theoretical system of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics.

Key words: ESOP, production relations, distribution relationship, collective force, innovation

摘要： 本文认为员工持股计划是华为企业制度的重要创新，并在其运行过程中逐步改变了企业生产关系和分配关系的某些特征。主要表现为：一是华为在法律意义上虽然是民营企业，在根本特征上也不是公有制企业，但是，它们通过员工持有虚拟股权形式使得企业在所有制上具有了某些集体所有制和合作制的生产关系特征和发展趋向。二是华为作为民营企业，在分配关系方面不是按劳分配，但也不是纯粹按劳动力价值要素进行分配，而是具有分享制的特征，即企业员工凭借虚拟股权分享到了自己创造的一部分剩余价值，其分配的量化根据则是员工对于企业的劳动贡献。在此基础上进一步分析了华为企业经济关系的变动对于企业形成劳动集体力和创新力的重要影响，解析了我国社会主义经济发展过程中，在公有制根本经济制度不变条件下，非公经济和非按劳分配方式与之并存的融合性；阐释了非公企业内部生成的社会主义公有制和按劳分配因素，对于中国特色社会主义政治经济学理论体系创新具有实践价值。

关键词: 员工持股, 生产关系, 分配关系, 集体力, 创新力