Abstract: Marx, who initiated theories of social economic adjustment, maintained that distribution of the total amount of labor in proportion is a general principle which could be applied to all social forms. The ways of actualizing might vary from one society to another, though. He pointed out that under circumstances of private commodity economy this principle was realized through competition in the market and law of value. Under circumstances of capitalist economy, it was manifested by regulations in the form of materialization and values of social products as a whole. He made the scientific prediction that in the future society of public ownership, people would realize proportional distribution of the total amount of labor by means of direct control and planning in advance.

Key words: Marxist economic theories, social economic adjustment, distribution of resources

摘要： 作为社会经济调节理论的创始人,马克思指出按比例分配社会总劳动是适用于一切社会形态的共有规律,但在不同的社会形态里的实现形式不同;他正确地揭示了在私有制商品经济中,这一规律通过市场上的竞争机制、价值规律而实现,在资本主义经济条件下,它表现为社会总产品价值上和物质上实现的规律;马克思还科学地预见了在未来公有制社会中,人们将通过直接的自觉的控制和预先制定的计划来实现社会总劳动的按比例分配。

关键词: 马克思经济理论, 社会经济调节, 资源配置