Abstract: The theoretical logic of the proposition “advancing the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation on all fronts through a Chinese path to modernization” is embodied in the inevitability of the theoretical and practical development of scientific socialism. The explorations by the classical writers of Marxism, in different historical contexts, into the fundamental laws of modernization and national rejuvenation, as well as into the path of advancing socialism, modernization, and national rejuvenation as an integrated whole, constitute the theoretical origin of the major political proposition “advancing the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation on all fronts through a Chinese path to modernization”. Taking modern capitalist society as their primary object of study, Marx and Engels scientifically revealed the ownership roots of the worldwide question of national emancipation and the historical destination of humanitys process of modernization, and made preliminary explorations into the possibility for economically and culturally backward countries to achieve modernization and national rejuvenation by taking a noncapitalist route. Lenin's pioneering practice in the age of imperialism proved that economically and culturally backward countries could break the superimposed logical relationship between the capitalist system and modernization, blazing a new path, distinct from the Western European model, that integrated socialism, modernization, and national rejuvenation into a unified whole. On this basis, the Communist Party of China, grounding itself in Chinas unique field of practice, has continued to advance the adaptation of Marxist thinking on modernization and national rejuvenation to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, ultimately achieving the systematic theoretical synthesis and contemporary sublimation of “advancing the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation on all fronts through a Chinese path to modernization.”

Key words: Chinese path to modernization, the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, scientific socialism, Marxism, theoretical logic

摘要： “以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴”论断的理论逻辑，体现为科学社会主义理论与实践发展的必然性。马克思主义经典作家在不同历史语境下对现代化与民族复兴基本规律以及社会主义、现代化与民族复兴一体推进道路的探索，构成“以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴”重大政治论断的理论源头。马克思恩格斯以资本主义现代社会为主要研究对象，科学揭示了世界性民族解放问题的所有制根源与人类现代化进程的历史归宿，初步探索了经济文化落后国家走非资本主义道路实现现代化与民族复兴的可能性。列宁在帝国主义时代的开创性实践，证明经济文化落后的国家能够打破资本主义制度与现代化的逻辑叠加关系，走出了一条区别于西欧模式，融合社会主义、现代化与民族复兴为一体的新道路。在此基础上，中国共产党立足中国独特的实践场域，持续推进马克思主义关于现代化与民族复兴思想的中国化时代化，最终实现“以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴”的系统理论总结与时代升华。

关键词: 中国式现代化, 中华民族伟大复兴, 科学社会主义, 马克思主义, 理论逻辑