Abstract: The construction of Chinese economics must follow the inherent laws of the evolution of economics. Based on this theoretical observation of over 2000 years of history of economic thought, it is found that the evolution of economics manifests as competitive interactions among different schools and doctrines, exhibiting a cyclical pattern of “stability breeding instability”. This process carries distinct national characteristics and diversity, reflecting synchrony and aggregation with a nations rise and fall. However, driven by specialization, technicalization, and internationalization, it tends to develop into a universal, homogeneous, and inert system. Drawing lessons from history, the current rise of Chinese economics faces unprecedented opportunities and challenges. China should seize historical opportunities to accelerate the coordinated construction of its economics system, and address current challenges by focusing on issues and practices during the pursuit of the Chinese path to modernization, advancing from a pluralistic paradigm in economics, and implementing institutional reforms that serve the goal of building an independent knowledge system.

Key words: Chinese economics, patterns of evolution, stylized facts, knowledge system, the Chinese path to modernization

摘要： 中国经济学的构建需遵循经济学演化的内在规律。基于两千多年的经济思想史研究发现，经济学的演化表现为不同学派和学说之间的竞争性，呈现出“稳定孕育着不稳定”的周期性，带有鲜明的民族性和多样性，体现出与一国兴衰的同步性和集聚性，但在专业化、技术化和国际化的推动下，趋向于产生世界性、同质性和惰性。以史为鉴，当前中国经济学的兴起面临前所未有的机遇和挑战。中国应把握历史机遇，加快统筹构建中国经济学体系，并通过以中国式现代化问题和实践为导向，从经济学的多元主义范式发展着眼，以服务于自主知识体系建设的制度化改革为抓手克服当前挑战。

关键词: 中国经济学, 演化模式, 典型化事实, 知识体系, 中国式现代化