Abstract: The realization of the “second integration” in the field of economics involves integrating the basic principles of Marxist political economy with traditional Chinese economic thought. Traditional Chinese economic thought, a vital component of fine traditional Chinese culture, possesses a unique academic paradigm and significant theoretical value. Constructing socialist political economics with Chinese characteristics must draw upon traditional economic thought. Theoretically and logically, fine traditional Chinese culture acts as a positive driving force for the development of modern socialist economics. Thus, it is imperative to systematically present the strengths of traditional economic thought at the theoretical level. In terms of realistic logic, in order to deal with the current problems such as the ecological crisis of capitalism and the drawbacks of economic globalization dominated by capitalism, we can seek ideological wisdom and explore solutions from the experiences of the ancients in serving the world and the people. Meanwhile, nowadays China is faced with an urgent need to build an independent knowledge system of economics. Incorporating traditional economic thought into the construction of the socialist political economics with Chinese characteristics will enable the newly formed theoretical system to have a unique academic paradigm, categorical discourse system and humanistic value, thereby manifesting the intellectual independence of Chinas economic knowledge system.

Key words: “second integration”, socialist political economics with Chinese characteristics, traditional Chinese economic thought 

摘要： “第二个结合”在经济学领域中的实现是把马克思主义政治经济学基本原理与中国传统经济思想相结合。中国传统经济思想是中华优秀传统文化的重要组成部分，具有独特的学术范式和重要的理论价值。构建中国特色社会主义政治经济学必须借鉴中国传统经济思想。在理论逻辑上，优秀传统文化对现代中国社会主义经济发展起着正向促进作用，因此必须在理论层面系统性地呈现传统经济思想的优秀成分；在现实逻辑上，为应对当下出现的资本主义生态危机、资本主义主导的经济全球化弊端等问题，可以从古人经世济民的经验中寻找思想智慧，探索解决方案。与此同时，现今中国面临着构建经济学自主知识体系的迫切要求。借鉴传统经济思想构建中国特色社会主义政治经济学，将使新形成的理论体系具有独特的学术范式、范畴话语体系以及人文价值，使中国经济学知识体系的“自主性”得以呈现。

关键词: 第二个结合, 中国特色社会主义政治经济学, 中国传统经济思想