Abstract: The centurylong struggle in the modern history of China has revealed the great historical significance of the Communist Party of China's integration of Marx's theory with the specific practice, which is a direct manifestation of the indepth implementation of historical materialism. The transfer from “talking about Marx” to “examining problems like Marx” implies that only by insisting on taking social existence as the starting point, centering on solving realworld problems and being supported by historical materialism, can we continue to explore the contemporary vitality of Marx's theory. Therefore, the construction of the philosophical discourse system with Chinese characteristics requires not only a modern reflection on traditional theories, but also a theoretical summary based on great practices, thereby truly achieving the theoretical sublimation through practice and grasping reality in theories.

Key words: historical materialism, social existence, Chinese discourse

摘要： 中国近代以来的百年奋斗史揭示了中国共产党将马克思主义理论与中国具体实践相结合的重大历史意义，是深入贯彻唯物史观的直接体现。从“谈论马克思”到“像马克思一样谈论问题”意味着只有坚持以社会存在为出发点、以真实问题为导向、以历史唯物主义方法为支撑，才能不断探索马克思学说的当代生命力。因此，构建中国哲学话语体系，不仅需要对传统理论进行现代反思，还需要完成伟大实践基础上的理论总结，真正实现在现实中升华理论，在理论中把握现实。

关键词: 唯物史观, 历史唯物主义, 社会存在, 中国话语