Abstract: In recent years, the inheritance and development of the multilateralism theory in global governance have faced a number of predicaments, including the binary opposition in narratives, monopoly control by hegemony and reduced efficiency in addressing issues of global governance. In practice, multilateralism has been undermined by American hegemonism for a long time in the process of construction and evolution, resulting in new challenges in global governance left unsolved by the existing theory. After Biden takes office, the United States has practiced “pseudomultilateralism” more than the previous administrations with new and exclusive institutional balancing, differentiated ally responsibilities and multiple issue alliances, which has accelerated the fragmentation of global governance. Reform of global governance is at stake, and the theory of multilateralism also needs to be further improved. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has actively promoted and protected the multilateral rulebased order, which features openness, inclusiveness, universal benefits, balance and winwin situations. China is well positioned to provide unique and significant Chinese approach to steer multilateralism toward a community with a shared future for mankind.

Key words: global governance, pseudomultilateralism, Chinese approach

摘要： 近年来，全球治理中的多边主义理论面临着一系列困境：叙事逻辑上强调二元对立、制度上沦为霸权国私有化的工具以及解决全球治理议题方面的效能降低。实践中，多边主义在构建和演变的过程中长期受到美国霸权主义的破坏，导致既有的多边主义理论无法应对全球治理中出现的新挑战，增加我国维护多边主义的难度。拜登政府上台后，美国的多边主义更多是打着多边主义旗号行“伪多边主义”之事；通过新排他性制度制衡战略、差异化盟友责任和议题联盟的形式，新政府加速了全球治理的碎片化。全球治理迫切需要改革，多边主义理论也需要进一步完善。党的十八大以来，中国积极发扬开放、包容、普惠、平衡、共赢的多边主义真正要义，并为多边主义的理论完善贡献中国智慧和方案，以实际行动践行多边主义，构建人类命运共同体。

关键词: 全球治理, 伪多边主义, 中国方案