Abstract: Erik Olin Wright is a famous Marxist theorist in contemporary America，with all his life being devoted to criticizing capitalism and envisioning a real socialist project As one of the most important representatives of the European and American left，Wright starts his criticism with establishing the normative foundation for a moral critique of capitalism，and presents the strategic vision of eroding and displacing capitalism by integrating various strategic logics in the history of social protest He then provides a socialist institutional design based on economic democracy，and proposes the guiding principles for constructing collective agents of social transformation Despite limitations in the methodology of social critique and the logic of argumentation of socialism，Wrights critical theory，with its firm value stance and grand intellectual ambition，helps to a certain extent address the current leftwing dilemma characterized by strategy scarcity and deteriorating disintegration Therefore，it represents a new trend of Marxism in Europe and America in the 21st century

Key words: Erik Olin Wright, critique of capitalism, normative foundation, strategic logic, social transformation

摘要： 埃里克·赖特是当代美国著名的马克思主义理论家，一生致力于资本主义社会的批判和社会主义规划的探索。作为欧美左翼的重要代表，赖特从确立资本主义道德批判的规范基础入手，通过整合社会抗争史上的诸种策略逻辑，图绘了逐渐削弱并取代资本主义的战略愿景，展开了以经济民主为主要内容的社会主义制度设计，并对如何建构社会转型的集体行动者提出了指导原则。尽管在社会批判的方法论和社会主义的论证逻辑等方面存在局限，但赖特的批判理论以其坚定的价值立场和宏大的智识抱负，在一定程度上有助于扭转当前左翼策略匮乏、日渐分化的涣散困局，代表了21世纪欧美马克思主义的新发展。

关键词: 埃里克·赖特, 资本主义批判, 规范基础, 策略逻辑, 社会转型