Abstract: The ideological and political education process contains the process of teaching of educators and learning of educatees The learning of educatees is essentially a process for them to rely on the knowledge system and rational deduction to generate relevant values It contains three entitylike elements，ie the knowledge system，rational deduction，and values As a material of rational deduction and a carrier of values，the knowledge system can enable educatees to manifest values on the basis of rational deduction Meanwhile，as a crucial step that helps educatees understand the knowledge system and the ensuing values，rational deduction can authenticate，falsify and connect knowledge，which allows educatees to build up values centered on the knowledge system Values derive from the process in which educatees use rational deduction to generate the knowledge system With liberal rationality as the precondition，they are inherently consistent with the knowledge system and based on the process in which rational deduction generates the knowledge system Therefore，the ideological and political education process should be based on rationalism to integrate the knowledge system，rational deduction and values in order to fundamentally boost the effectiveness of the ideological and political education

Key words: ideological and political education process, rationalism, knowledge system, rational deduction, values 

摘要： 思想政治教育过程，内含教育者的教化过程和受教育者的习得过程。从受教育者的习得过程看，它实质上是受教育者依托知识体系运用理性演绎淬炼出相应价值观念的过程，内含知识体系、理性演绎和价值观念三类实体性要素。其中，知识体系作为理性演绎的质料与价值观念的载体，能够促使受教育者以理性演绎为条件显现价值观念；理性演绎作为受教育者理解知识体系并由此导生价值观念的关键环节，具有知识的证实与辨伪以及关联与贯通的作用，能够促使受教育者以知识体系为中心建构价值观念；价值观念作为受教育者运用理性演绎淬炼知识体系的结果，以自由的理性为基本前提，同知识体系具有内在一致性，并以理性演绎淬炼知识体系为基础。为此，思想政治教育过程当以理性主义为原则统合知识体系、理性演绎和价值观念，从而在根本上提升思想政治教育实效性。

关键词: 思想政治教育过程, 理性主义, 知识体系, 理性演绎, 价值观念