Abstract: Examining the cyber environment of ideological and political education with the ecological theories and approaches is of important significance to correctly understand the relations between humans and the cyber environment in ideological and political education, profoundly analyze the internal mechanism of this cyber environment, and continuously promote innovations in the mode and method of ideological and political education in the cyber space. In ideological and political education activities, the connections and interactions between humans and the cyber environment constitute an ecological system. The cyber civilization construction is an important value goal of ideological and political education. The integral environment made up of both the virtual and the reality expands the connotations of ideological and political education. The ecology of cyber communications fosters the subjectobject relations. In the education practice, we can learn from the theory of ecological types and construct ideological and political education models based on different ecologies of different media so as to improve the pertinence and effectiveness of education.

Key words: ideological and political education, cyber environment, ecological view

摘要： 以生态的理论视角和分析方法考察思想政治教育的网络环境，对于正确把握思想政治教育活动中人与网络环境的关系、深入分析思想政治教育网络环境的内在机制以及持续推进网络思想政治教育模式和方法创新，具有重要的意义。在思想政治教育活动中，人和网络环境相互联系和作用而构成一个生态系统，网络文明建设是思想政治教育的重要价值目标；虚拟与现实构成的整体环境拓展了网络思想政治教育的内涵，网络交往生态涵养了思想政治教育主客体关系；在教育实践中，基于生态类型理论，建构基于不同类型媒介生态的思想政治教育模式，对于提高教育活动的针对性和有效性具有重要实践价值。

关键词: 思想政治教育, 网络环境, 生态观