Abstract: During the historical process of being interdependent and interacting with the economic and political life in a society, ideology, as a superstructure of thought, can coexist and interact with the economic and political life and therefore displays a synchronic relationship. With its relative independence, it can also precede or fall behind the development of the economic and political life, and therefore shows its own continual diachronism. Overall, ideology follows the temporal order of the social development. However, in the concrete connections with the economic base, and in the reflection and presentation of the real situation and historical trend of the social life, the components of ideology show their temporal attributes, which jointly constitute the temporal mechanism of the operation of ideology. An analysis of the temporal logic which factors in the sociohistorical attributes of ideology represents an important approach of Marx and Engels in studying the spiritual and cultural phenomena from the perspective of historical materialism. Examining thoughts of Marx and Engels in this regard is helpful for us to improve the understanding, construction, and governance of ideology in a more conscious and scientific way.

Key words: ideology, operation sequence, component's temporal and spatial structure, narrative pattern

摘要： 意识形态，作为思想上层建筑，在与社会经济和政治生活相互依存、相互作用的历史过程中，既有并存、互动的共时态关系，又以其相对独立性在某些方面超前或滞后于政治、经济生活的发展，形成自身持续的历时性。它在总体上遵循社会发展的时间秩序，但各组成部分在与经济基础的具体联系中，在反映和言说社会生活的现实状况和历史趋势中，又各有其时间特质，综合地表现为意识形态运行的时间机制。联系意识形态的社会历史属性进行时间逻辑解析，是马克思恩格斯对精神文化现象展开唯物史观研究的重要方法；探析这方面的思想，有助于增进我们理解、建设和治理意识形态的自觉性、科学性。

关键词: 意识形态, 运行时序, 部类时空结构, 叙事方式