Abstract:

Theproposalsforformulatingthe14thFive-YearPlan(2021-2025)forNationalEconomicandSocialDevelopmentandtheLong-
RangeObjectivesThroughtheYear2035wasadoptedrecentlybyTheFifthPlenum
ofthe19thCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina,in
whichoneoftheeconomicandsocialdevelopmentgoalsduringthe14thFive-Yearplanmainlyabout
theimprovementofnationalgovernanceefficiencywasputforward.Agricultureandruralareasarethe
foundationandkeyofnationalgovernance.Therefore,wemustaccuratelygraspthegeneraltrendof
agriculturalandruraldevelopment,thatis,thelevelofagriculturalmodernizationiscontinuouslyimproving,
thepart-timeoperationoffarmersisirreversible,andthenumberofvillagescontinuestodecrease.
Giventhelong-termexistenceofsmall-scalefarmers,Cooperativesareanidealcarrierforthe
organicconnectionbetweentheproductionofsmallfarmersandthedevelopmentofmodernagriculture.
Weshouldkeeponimprovingthebasicruralmanagementsystem,andtheseparationofrural
landownership,contractrightsandtherighttomanagetheland.Atthemacrolevel,thegovernment
shouldacceleratethepricereformofmainagriculturalproductsandreformofagriculturalsubsidysystemsothatareasonableandstableagricult
ralmacrogovernancesystemsuitsChina..sconditions.At
themicrolevel,thegovernmentshouldeffectivelypromotethemodernizationofruralgovernanceand
strengthentheconstructionofruraldemocraticpolitics,deepenthereformoftheruralcollectivepropertyrightssystem,
anddeveloptheruralcollectiveeconomy.

Key words: governancesystem, governancecapacity, ruralgovernance, basicruralmanagementsystem

摘要： 党的十九届五中全会审议通过了《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和二○三五年远景目标的建议》,提出了“十四五”时期经济社会发展目标之一就是“国家治理效能得到新提升”。农业农村是国家治理的基础和关键,这就必须准确把握农业农村发展大趋势,即农业现代化水平不断提高、农户兼业化不可逆转、村庄数量持续减少。在小规模农户长期存在的前提下,采取合作社等方式实现小农户与现代农业发展有机衔
接。坚持和完善农村基本经营制度,继续推进农村土地所有权、承包权和经营权“三权分置”。在宏观上加快主要农产品价格改革和农业补贴制度改革,形成合理、稳定并适合中国国情的农业宏观治理体系;微观上切实推进乡村治理现代化,加强乡村民主政治建设;深化农村集体产权制度改革,大力发展农村集体经济。

关键词: 治理体系, 治理能力, 乡村治理, 农村基本经营制度