Abstract: As a national redistribution system and its executive ability, the national redistribution ability is only the expression of the historical production relations. In the new era, the modernization of China's national redistributive capacity is the proper meaning of the modernization of the socialist country's economic governance capacity, the necessary way to solve the current major social contradictions, and the important guarantee to achieve the two centenary goals. Only by adhering to the dominant position of public ownership, adhering to distribution according to law, and focusing on effectively promoting the coordination and balance of interests of different social groups in the process of indirect distribution, can we gradually achieve the expected goal of modernization of redistribution capacity.

Key words: modernization of national redistribution capacity;institutional implication, Chinese context

摘要： 国家再分配能力作为国家再分配制度及其执行能力，只是历史地规定的生产关系的表现。新时代中国国家再分配能力现代化是社会主义国家经济治理能力现代化的应有之义，是解决当前社会主要矛盾的必要途径，是实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标的重要保障。新时代中国只有坚持公有制主体地位，坚持依法分配，注重在间接分配过程中有效促进不同社会群体的利益协调与平衡，才能逐步实现国家再分配能力现代化的预期目标。

关键词: 国家再分配能力现代化, 制度意蕴, 中国语境