Teaching and Research ›› 2020, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (9): 55-64.
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Abstract: The “national edifice” of the modern nationstate is built on the constructive civic nationalism with citizenship as the basis. However, in the current stage of globalization, the original ethnic nationalism has suddenly emerged, nationstates are trapped in identity difficulties, and citizenship is facing severe challenges. The reverting wave of nationalism is a product of cultural anxiety and identity politics brought about by globalization, showing a clear ethnic rather than civic orientation. The ethnic nationalism threatens the uniqueness, equality, and sanctity of citizenship, weakens citizen nationalism, and leads to a crisis of cultural fragmentation of citizenship. There are two main ways to coordinate citizenship and national identity. One is the idealistic “citizen state” construction plan, advocating the “partition theory”; the other is the realist nationstate strengthening plan, advocating the “maintenance theory”. Faced with the challenge of ethnic nationalism, reshaping citizenship and strengthening national identity are historical missions that nationstates must complete.
Key words: globalization, nationalism, citizenship, nationstate, national identity
摘要: 现代民族国家的“民族大厦”建立在以公民身份为载体的、建构性的公民民族主义之上,但是在全球化的当前阶段,原生性的族群民族主义骤然突显,民族国家陷入认同之困,公民身份面临严峻挑战。复归的民族主义浪潮是全球化带来的文化焦虑和认同政治的产物,呈现出清晰的族群性而非公民性取向。这种族群民族主义威胁着公民身份的唯一性、平等性与神圣性,削弱了公民民族主义,从而导致公民身份的文化碎片化危机。关于公民身份与民族认同的协调方案主要有两种,一种是理想主义的“公民国家”建构方案,主张“切割论”;一种是现实主义的民族国家强化方案,主张“维系论”。在族群民族主义的挑战面前,重塑公民身份和强化国家认同是民族国家必须完成的历史使命。
关键词: 全球化, 民族主义, 公民身份, 民族国家, 国家认同
Lin Hong. The Return of Ethnic Nationalism and Choice of NationState[J]. Teaching and Research, 2020, 54(9): 55-64.
林红. 族群民族主义的复归与民族国家的选择[J]. 教学与研究, 2020, 54(9): 55-64.
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