Abstract: The author observes that there are two basic principles in human activity, namely, the principle of truth and the principle of value. The history of human practice and human cognition coincides the history of development of the principles of truth and value. The principle of subjectivity, then, is a primary principle of human activity. A remarkable contribution of philosophical revolution by Marx is that he proposed the principle of subjectivity based on practice. This has corrected the defect of negligence of subjectivity by old materialism, and redressed the idealist denial of the principle of subjectivity based on objective world. The author maintains that transmutation in cognition from principle of truth and principle of value to the principle of subjectivity is in fact inevitable. Therefore, it is important to study the principle of subjectivity so as to establish a subjectivity principle that will benefit human recognition and practice. Only in this way can interests of mankind as a whole be secured.

Key words: epistemology, transmutation, principle of truth, principle of value, principle of subjectivity

摘要： 人类活动的两个基本原则是真理性原则和价值性原则。人的实践和认识发展的历史,也就是人类真理性原则和价值性原则发展的历史。人类活动的最基本原则是主体性原则。马克思在哲学上所完成的革命变革,关键在于提出了以实践为基础的主体性原则,从而既克服了旧唯物主义忽视主体性的缺陷,也克服了唯心主义的否认客观基础上的主体性原则。认识论从真理性原则和价值性原则到主体性原则的嬗变是必然的。为此,就要研究主体性原则,并通过研究而确立有利于人们认识和实践的合理的主体性原则。这样,才能维护人类的整体的现实利益。

关键词: 认识论, 嬗变, 真理性原则, 价值性原则, 主体性原则