关键词: 市场理性, 社会理性, 人类文明新形态, 现代文明

Abstract: An important prerequisite to understanding the rich connotations of the new form of human civilization is a solid grasp of the major difficulties and contradictions encountered in the development of human civilization. The idea of “new” in the “new form of human civilization” is demonstrated in the investigation and detangling of these major difficulties and contradictions, among which the issue on the relationship between “market rationality” and “social rationality” is of great significance. An indepth exploration of and an adequate response to the contradictions between “market rationality” and “social rationality” are important starting points for Marxist philosophy to reflect on modern civilization and explore its future development. Marxist philosophy has consciously realized that the transgression of “market rationality” over “social rationality” is a major contradiction of modern civilization, and has made indepth reflections on its consequences. Based on the understanding of “social rationality”, reconstructing the relationship between “market rationality” and “social rationality” represents a major breakthrough for Marxist philosophy to reflect on modern civilization and seek the development direction of human civilization. It provides the following implications: coordinating and balancing the contradictory relationship between “market rationality” and “social rationality” properly is an important topic and core content in understanding the new form of human civilization, and also remains an important growth point for the advancement of contemporary Marxist philosophy.

Key words: market rationality, social rationality, a new form of human civilization, modern civilization