主管：教育部
主办：中国人民大学
ISSN 0257-2826  CN 11-1454/G4
教学与研究

《教学与研究》 ›› 2014, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (12): 79-85.DOI:

• 国外马克思主义研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

“思维”与“现实”的分裂
——评阿尔都塞对马克思主义认识论的解读

郭玮   

  1. 清华大学 高校德育研究中心，北京100084
  • 出版日期:2014-12-16 发布日期:2014-12-24
  • 作者简介:郭玮，清华大学高校德育研究中心研究生，主要从事国外马克思主义研究。

Separation of Thought and Reality ——On Althusser’s Interpretation of the Marxist Epistemology

GUO  Wei   

  1. Research Center of University Moral Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
  • Online:2014-12-16 Published:2014-12-24

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摘要： 阿尔都塞认为，“思维”与“现实”在马克思主义认识论中是彼此完全分裂的。为证明之，他从马克思思想中挑选了两个例证：一是“逻辑顺序”和“时间顺序”不一致；二是科学认识的起点不是“感性具体”而是“思维抽象”。但在第一个例证中，他的论点和论据所涉及的是处于不同层面具有不同性质的问题；而在第二个例证中，他并没能把握住“思维抽象”的科学内涵。本文从“现象”遮蔽“本质”的角度说明“逻辑顺序”和“时间顺序”的不一致，从“形式规定”、“物质规定”和“本质规定”三位一体的角度理解经济范畴，从“共性”与“个性”、“本质”与“现象”辩证统一的角度把握“思维抽象”与“思维具体”的关系。  

关键词: 阿尔都塞 , 认识论 , 逻辑顺序 , 时间顺序 , 思维抽象

Abstract: In Althusser’s view, thought is entirely separated from reality in Marxist epistemology In order to demonstrate this “separation”, he chooses two instances in Mars’s thought: one is disaccord between the logical sequence and the temporal sequence; the other is that the starting point of scientific research is not “perceptual concreteness” but “abstract cognition” But there are still loopholes in his arguments The first argument and its instance are at different levels And  the scientific significance of “abstract cognition” is misread in the second argument These loopholes make us regard the disaccord between the logical sequence and the temporal sequence as the problem that phenomenon covers essence, and comprehend economic concepts as “formal determination”, “material determination” and “essential determination”, understand the relation between “abstract cognition” and “perceptual concreteness” from the perspective of the relation between “universality” and “particularity” and the connection between “phenomenon” and “essence”

Key words: Althusser , epistemology , logical sequence , temporal sequence , abstract cognition