关键词: 现实经济危机, 政治经济学批判, 革命, 资本运动, 世界历史

Abstract: In the studies of the critique of political economy, Marx and Engels have made complex and indepth analyses of real economic crisis, and their theories generally present a progressive pattern of “the analysis of revolutionthe analysis of capital movementthe analysis of world history”, which constitutes an important ideological historical thread for understanding Marxs theory of economic crisis. In this process, they have also constantly adjusted their understanding of “the relationship between economic crisis and revolution”. From 1847 to 1850, in order to serve the study of the 1848 European Revolution, Marx and Engels, based on their existing general understanding of economic crisis, highlighted the possibility and mechanism of the revolution caused by the economic crisis of overproduction. The failure of the 1848 European Revolution prompted them to reexamine political economy and begin to view the 1857 economic crisis from the perspective of capital movement, clarifying the macrolevel movement from industrial capital to financial capital. In the 1860s, their observations of the cotton crisis and the 1866 financial crisis delved into the microlevel mechanisms of capital movement, and on this basis they constructed the theoretical framework of economic crisis. In the 1970s, in the face of the new features of real economic crisis, they further demonstrated an analysis of real economic crisis from the perspective of world history and recognized the new direction of revolution. Contemporary Chinese Marxist scholars should carry on their ideological legacy, view the real economic crisis from the Chinese perspective in light of the evolution of the world pattern in the 21st century, accurately explore the new changes and trends of contemporary capitalism, take the initiative to act and ensure our own development and security.

Key words: real economic crisis, critique of political economy, revolution, capital movement, world history