关键词:  , 西方马克思主义, 现代性, 现代化, 中国式现代化

Abstract: “Modernity” is one of the theoretical perspectives of and core issues studied by Western Marxism. The Western Marxist theory of modernity provides answers with certain reasonable elements to major issues such as how to deal with modernity and modernization, how to avoid the negative effects of modernization, and how to sublate the alienation and realize the free and allround development of human beings, which have enlightening significance for promoting the Chinese path to modernization. First, the Western Marxist theory of modernity realistically and dialectically launches a critique of modernity, demonstrates a rational attitude towards modernization and its characteristics, and confirms the inevitability of the pursuit of modernity and the rationality and possibility of multiple paths to modernization, which provide profound enlightenment for scientific understanding of modernization and modernity. Second, it criticizes the negative effects of Western modernization and its characteristics in multiple dimensions, exposes the problems that may be encountered in the process of modernization, and provides theoretical reference for the latedeveloping countries to deeply understand contemporary capitalism, correctly handle the contradictions in the process of modernization, and avoid running into the dilemma of modernity from the root. Third, focusing on the living conditions of modern people, advocating the promotion of human subjectivity, and pursuing the free and allround development of humans highlight the humanistic stance of modernization and prove that the essence of modernization is the modernization of the population, which have important implications for correctly understanding the relationship between humans and modernization and promoting the modernization that adheres to the peoplecentered principle.

Key words: Western Marxism, modernity, modernization, the Chinese path to modernization