关键词: 《博士论文》, 戴维·麦克莱伦, 宗教批判, 创世之迷, 唯物立场

Abstract: In the development of Marx's thought, the period when Doctoral Thesis was created is an important stage for his criticism of religion. This can be seen through examining the cultural background of the time that Marx lived at, David McLellans research on Marx and the Young Hegelians, and Marxs early experience and his early writings. By putting forward the concept of the declination of the atom, Doctoral Dissertation describes the atoms that all materials consist of and the repulsion of atoms as the material conditions and conditions of movement for the declination of the atom, respectively, and significantly refuted the traditional Christian theology that asserts that God created man and solved the problem of the origin of the world. Doctoral Dissertation not only represents the general criticism Marx lodges against religion, but also established its materialist philosophical stance, laying a solid foundation for the discovery of historical materialism.

Key words: Doctoral Dissertation, David McLellan, criticism of religion, the mystery of creation, materialist standpoint