Abstract: On the basis of a critical study of the ideas of Smith and others, Marx put forward a systematic theory of the determinants of the extent of the  market. The evolution of the extent of the  market is simultaneously shaped by the relations of production, the productive forces, and the contradictory movement between the two. The intra-firm division of labor and the social division of labor belong to both the productive forces and the relations of production; the two reinforce and transform into each other, driving the expansion of the extent of the  market  in an endogenous manner. Marx overcame the limitations of Smith, Young, and others, systematically expounding the decisive role of capitalist relations of production and the structural contradictions of social reproduction in the evolution of the extent of the  market. The series of important ideas advanced by the Communist Party of China, in light of the objective realities of the evolution of China's domestic market, constitutes a new development in adapting Marx's relevant theory to the Chinese context.

Key words: the extent of the market, Marx, the intra-firm division of labor, the social division of labor, Smith's theorem, Young's theorem

摘要： 在批判地研究斯密等人思想的基础上，马克思提出了市场规模决定因素的系统理论。市场规模的演变同时受到生产关系、生产力及二者矛盾运动的影响。企业内部分工和社会分工既属于生产力又属于生产关系，两者相互促进、相互转化，以内生的方式推动了市场规模的扩张。马克思克服了斯密、杨格等人的局限，系统论述了资本主义生产关系和社会再生产结构性矛盾等在市场规模演变中的决定性作用。中国共产党结合国内市场规模演变的客观实际而形成的一系列重要思想，构成了对马克思相关理论中国化的新发展。

关键词: 市场规模, 马克思, 企业内部分工, 社会分工, 斯密定理, 杨格定理