Abstract: Taking Marx's discussion of “conditions of production” as its theoretical starting point, this paper puts forward an analytical framework of “intelligent production conditions” and reveals how artificial intelligence, through the intelligentization of the means of production, labor capacities, and spatial structures, achieves a systemic restructuring of the conditions of production, bringing about the dual effects of productivity leaps and the reshaping of distribution patterns. The diffusion of intelligent production conditions may, under different institutional arrangements, take either a “commonprosperityoriented distribution” path or a “distributional imbalance” path. The basic economic system of socialism with Chinese characteristics provides a fundamental guarantee for the commonprosperityoriented path of diffusion, forming a Chinese pathway in which intelligent production conditions empower common prosperity. However, under the combined effects of technological selfreinforcement and the timelag of institutional response, the diffusion of intelligent production conditions may also trigger imbalances such as the concentration of capital, the polarization of labor, and spatial disparity. To this end, institutional innovation should respond in a timely manner to technological iteration, improving the tiered and coordinated governance system, the mechanisms for the reproduction of labor power, and the mechanisms for regional coordination, so as to direct the diffusion of intelligent production conditions toward common prosperity.

Key words: intelligent production conditions, diffusion of production conditions, common prosperity, institutional innovation

摘要： 本文以马克思“生产条件”论述为理论基点，提出“智能生产条件”分析框架，揭示人工智能通过生产资料、劳动能力与空间结构的智能化，实现对生产条件的系统重构，带来生产率跃迁与分配格局重塑的双重效应。智能生产条件扩散在不同制度下，可能形成“分配共富型”与“分配失衡型”两种路径。中国特色社会主义基本经济制度为共富型扩散提供根本保障，形成以智能生产条件赋能共同富裕的中国路径。然而，在技术自我强化与制度响应滞后的共同作用下，智能生产条件扩散亦可能引发资本集中、劳动分化与空间不均等失衡后果。为此，应以制度创新及时回应技术迭代，完善分层协同治理体系、劳动力再生产机制与区域协调机制，推动智能生产条件沿共富方向扩散。

关键词: 智能生产条件, 生产条件扩散, 共同富裕, 制度创新