Abstract: Since the reform and opening up, Chinas exploration in establishing a socialist market economic system has been a process guided by Marxist theory and rooted in the fine traditional Chinese culture, creating a Chinese discourse system of “national selfhood” and independently exploring a new path of rejuvenation with distinct Chinese characteristics, style and ethos. Tracing the theoretical logic behind the construction of the socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics from the perspective of humanistic economy is a critical theoretical inquiry in addressing the construction of a highlevel socialist market economy in the new era. This endeavor is deeply rooted in the unique cultural attributes of the Chinese nation, but also guides the continuous deepening of practice through the twoway mutual construction of traditional thought and modern theory. Its core lies in placing the allround development of human beings at the center of economic activities, and exploring a new path for the model of socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics through the indepth integration of culture and economy. This exploration process is also a continuous leap forward in the rediscovery of its own culture and the selection of development paths. Through historical refinement, conceptual condensation and the sublimation of experience, it offers original institutional insights that contribute a “Chinese solution” grounded in shared values to the development of human civilization.

Key words: socialist market economy, cultural attributes, tradition and modernity, two-way mutual construction

摘要： 改革开放以来中国构建社会主义市场经济体制的探索，是以马克思主义理论为指导，以中华民族自身优秀传统文化为根基，创设“民族性自我”之中国式话语体系，自主探寻具有中国风格、中国气派之复兴新路的过程。从人文经济角度探寻中国特色社会主义市场经济体制构建背后蕴含的理论逻辑，是呼应新时期建设高水平社会主义市场经济体制的重要理论问题。这不仅深植于中华民族自身独特的文化属性，更在传统思想与现代理论的双向互构中引领实践不断深化，其核心在于将人的全面发展置于经济活动中心，通过文化与经济的深度融合探索中国特色社会主义市场经济模式新路径，这一探索过程也是对自身文化再发现与发展路径选择的持续跃升。通过历史的淬炼、观念的凝结以及经验的升华，原创性的制度洞见为人类文明发展提供了具有价值共识的“中国方案”。

关键词: 社会主义市场经济, 文化属性, 传统与现代, 双向互构