Abstract: The Critique of the Gotha Program is an extremely important Marxist guideline document and contains profound ideas on justice. In this work, Marx thoroughly criticizes the erroneous theories such as labor determinism, distribution determinism and the iron law of wages advocated by Lassalleanism, realizes the subversion and demystification of the bourgeois abstract concept of justice from the logical starting point of historical materialism, and constructs the basic content of proletarian idea of justice based on the historical trajectory of the development stage of communism. Fully exploring the contemporary implications of Marxist view on justice and properly searching for the directional paths are the key to demonstrating the scientific charm and contemporary value of Marxism.

Key words: Marx, idea of justice, The Critique of the Gotha Program

摘要： 《哥达纲领批判》是一篇极为重要的马克思主义纲领性文献，蕴含着深刻的公正思想。在这部著作中，马克思通过对拉萨尔主义鼓吹的劳动决定论、分配决定论和铁的工资规律等错误理论进行彻底批判，从唯物史观的逻辑起点出发实现了对资产阶级抽象公正观的颠覆与解蔽，基于共产主义发展阶段的历史轨迹，建构起无产阶级公正思想的基本内容。充分挖掘马克思主义公正思想的当代意蕴并恰当寻索指向性路径，是彰显马克思主义的科学魅力和时代价值所在。

关键词: 马克思, 公正思想, 《哥达纲领批判》